Technical probation violations are common among probation-involved youth, and across many jurisdictions, may result in detention or residential placement. The current study examined prevalence of technical violations occurring during one's first probation period, the average time to technical violation, and individual-level and justice-related factors related to technical violations among probation-involved youth in a juvenile justice system. We analyzed electronic criminal records of 18,289 probation-involved youth following their first arrest (68.7% male, 53.9% Black, Mage=15.2). Technical violation was defined as a violation resulting from a non-criminal incident. We examined effects of charge severity, probation conditions (e.g., electronic monitoring) and program referrals (e.g., mental health) on likelihood of technical violation utilizing survival analysis stratified by race. Across 18,289 youth, 15.3% received a technical violation during their first probation; Black youth violated more quickly compared to White youth (log-rank test p<.001). In multivariate survival analyses, the hazard for time to technical violation was higher for Black youth compared to white youth (p<.001), males (p=.04), and younger youth (p<.001). Youth assigned to more probation requirements violated more quickly. Electronic monitoring and education, mental health, and drug programs were associated with shorter time to violation, controlling for race, ethnicity, and charge severity. Black youth violate more quickly compared to White youth. Across all youth, assignment to more probation requirements increased risk of technical violation and shorter time to violation. Despite the benefit of probation interventions, system-level efforts are needed to help youth adhere to probation requirements and successfully complete probation.

中文翻译：

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少年缓刑的收益递减点：缓刑要求和首次参与缓刑的青少年违反技术缓刑的风险。

在涉及缓刑的青少年中，技术缓刑违规行为很常见，并且在许多司法管辖区，可能会导致拘留或住宿安置。本研究调查了少年司法系统中涉及缓刑的青少年在第一个试用期内发生技术违规的发生率、技术违规的平均时间以及与技术违规相关的个人层面和司法相关因素。我们分析了 18,289 名涉及缓刑的青少年在首次被捕后的电子犯罪记录（68.7% 为男性，53.9% 为黑人，法师=15.2）。技术违规被定义为非刑事事件导致的违规。我们检查了收费严重程度、试用条件（例如，电子监控）和计划推荐（例如，心理健康）利用按种族分层的生存分析来评估技术违规的可能性。在 18,289 名青年中，15.3% 的人在第一次试用期间收到了技术违规；与白人青年相比，黑人青年的侵犯速度更快（对数秩检验 p<.001）。在多变量生存分析中，黑人青年的技术违规时间风险高于白人青年 (p<.001)、男性 (p=.04) 和年轻青年 (p<.001)。被分配到更多缓刑要求的年轻人更快地违反了。电子监控和教育、心理健康和药物计划与更短的违规时间、控制种族、民族和指控严重程度有关。与白人青年相比，黑人青年的侵犯速度更快。在所有的青春中，分配更多的试用期要求会增加技术违规的风险并缩短违规时间。尽管缓刑干预有好处，但仍需要系统层面的努力来帮助青少年遵守缓刑要求并成功完成缓刑。