Due to the COVID pandemic, the April 2020 panel meeting was cancelled and as such, two of the papers in this issue (Papers 2 and 4), were not presented. In October 2020, the panel meeting was held virtually, where the other two papers were presented (Papers 1 and 3). In this panel, we introduced our first invited panel discussion, which centred around a paper presented by Olivier Blanchard on fiscal standards in Europe (the first paper in the issue). This timely paper addresses the current suspension of the EU fiscal policies because of the COVID crisis and motivates a proposal to abandon fiscal rules intended to put constraints on national budgetary policies in favour of fiscal standards. The second paper in this issue studies the link between EU transfers and Eurosceptism. The third paper examines effects of a nation-wide ban to carry guns on crime, while the last paper explores the link between changes in retirement age and youth employment.

中文翻译：

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编者介绍

由于 COVID 大流行，2020 年 4 月的小组会议被取消，因此本期的两篇论文（论文 2 和 4）没有提交。2020 年 10 月，小组会议以虚拟方式举行，提交了另外两篇论文（论文 1 和 3）。在这个小组中，我们介绍了我们的第一个受邀小组讨论，讨论围绕 Olivier Blanchard 提交的关于欧洲财政标准的论文（本期的第一篇论文）展开。这篇及时的论文解决了当前因 COVID 危机而暂停欧盟财政政策的问题，并促使提议放弃旨在限制国家预算政策以支持财政标准的财政规则。本期的第二篇论文研究了欧盟转移与欧洲怀疑主义之间的联系。