Researchers often study constructs that are conceptually and/or empirically related, but distinct (i.e., “sibling constructs”). In social-personality psychology, as well as psychology more generally, there is little guidance for how to deal with sibling constructs, which can result in researchers ignoring or mishandling them. In this article, we start by situating sibling constructs in the literature on the jingle-jangle fallacies. Then, we outline 10 conceptual and empirical criteria for determining the degree to which, and in what ways, constructs may share a sibling relationship, using self-esteem and grandiose narcissism as a running example. Finally, we discuss strategies for handling sibling constructs in a systematic and transparent way. We hope that the procedures described here will help social-personality psychologists identify sibling constructs, understand when and why they pose problems for their research, and adopt strategies that ameliorate their adverse effects.

研究人员经常研究概念上和/或经验上相关但不同的结构（即“兄弟结构”）。在社会人格心理学以及更普遍的心理学中，几乎没有关于如何处理兄弟结构的指导，这可能导致研究人员忽略或错误处理它们。在本文中，我们首先将文献中的兄弟结构置于关于叮当声谬误的文献中。然后，我们以自尊和夸大自恋为例，概述了 10 个概念和经验标准，用于确定构念在何种程度上以及以何种方式共享兄弟关系。最后，我们讨论了以系统和透明的方式处理兄弟结构的策略。