This study tracks the evolution of racist ideas pertaining to Black drug addiction and crime and the growth of a real interracial drug subculture, both of which had a part in forging New York’s drug policies in the early twentieth century. Well-worn racial tropes about drug use, cultivated in the imaginations of white commentators and pseudoscientists, railroaded African American suspects and contributed to the creation of the early apparatuses of the war on drugs. As observers increasingly connected the specter of cocaine “delirium” to common anxieties about Black crime and miscegenation, they in turn viewed white cocaine use as a solvable shortcoming in need of treatment rather than imprisonment. As such, New York City’s early civic responses to cocaine were shaped as Southern racial discourse collided with the developing panics of the Progressive Era that rallied around the increasing mobility of Black Americans in an effort to manage interracial contact through legislation.

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“吸毒的黑人”：纽约市进步时代的非裔美国人、吸毒和法律

这项研究追踪了与黑人吸毒成瘾和犯罪有关的种族主义思想的演变，以及真正的跨种族毒品亚文化的发展，这两者都参与了 20 世纪初纽约毒品政策的制定。在白人评论员和伪科学家的想象中培养出的关于吸毒的陈旧的种族比喻，对非裔美国人的嫌疑人进行了抨击，并促成了毒品战争的早期机构的建立。随着观察家越来越多地将可卡因“谵妄”的幽灵与对黑人犯罪和通婚的普遍焦虑联系起来，他们反过来将白人可卡因的使用视为需要治疗而不是监禁的可解决缺点。因此，