Kengyilia hirsuta (Keng, 1959) J. L. Yang, C. Yen et B. R. Baum, 1992, a perennial hexaploidy species, is a wild relative species to wheat with great potential for wheat improvement and domestication. The genome structure and cross-species homoeology of K. hirsuta chromosomes with wheat were assayed using 14 single-gene probes covering all seven homoeologous groups, and four repetitive sequence probes 45S rDNA, 5S rDNA, pAs1, and (AAG)10 by FISH. Each chromosome of K. hirsuta was well characterized by homoeological determination and repeats distribution patterns. The synteny of chromosomes was strongly conserved in the St genome, whereas synteny of the Y and P genomes was more distorted. The collinearity of 1Y, 2Y, 3Y and 7Y might be interrupted in the Y genome. A new 5S rDNA site on 2Y might be translocated from 1Y. The short arm of 3Y might involve translocated segments from 7Y. The 7 Y was identified as involving a pericentric inversion. A reciprocal translocation between 2P and 4P, and tentative structural aberrations in the subtelomeric region of 1PL and 4PL, were observed in the P genome. Chromosome polymorphisms, which were mostly characterized by repeats amplification and deletion, varied between chromosomes, genomes, and different populations. However, two translocations involving a P genome segmental in 3YL and a non-Robertsonial reciprocal translocation between 4Y and 3P were identified in two independent populations. Moreover, the proportion of heterozygous karyotypes reached almost 35% in all materials, and almost 80% in the specific population. These results provide new insights into the genome organization of K. hirsuta and will facilitate genome dissection and germplasm utilization of this species.

中文翻译：

---

用串联重复序列和单基因探针通过 FISH 揭示的毛毛茛核型多态性

Kengyilia hirsuta (Keng, 1959) JL Yang, C. Yen et BR Baum, 1992，一种多年生六倍体物种，是小麦的野生亲缘种，具有很大的小麦改良和驯化潜力。使用覆盖所有七个同源组的 14 个单基因探针和四个重复序列探针 45S rDNA、5S rDNA、pAs1 和 (AAG)10 通过 FISH 分析了 K. hirsuta 染色体与小麦的基因组结构和跨物种同源性。K. hirsuta 的每条染色体都通过同源性测定和重复分布模式进行了很好的表征。St 基因组的染色体同线性高度保守，而 Y 和 P 基因组的同线性更扭曲。1Y、2Y、3Y 和 7Y 的共线性可能在 Y 基因组中被中断。2Y 上的新 5S rDNA 位点可能从 1Y 易位。3Y 的短臂可能涉及 7Y 的易位片段。7 Y 被确定为涉及中心倒转。在 P 基因组中观察到 2P 和 4P 之间的相互易位，以及 1PL 和 4PL 的亚端粒区域的暂定结构畸变。染色体多态性主要以重复扩增和缺失为特征，在染色体、基因组和不同种群之间存在差异。然而，在两个独立的种群中发现了两个易位，涉及 3YL 中的 P 基因组片段和 4Y 和 3P 之间的非罗伯逊相互易位。此外，杂合核型在所有材料中的比例接近35%，在特定人群中接近80%。这些结果为 K 的基因组组织提供了新的见解。