In this study, two integrated game models are developed to explore the possible economic and environmental consequences of Emission control areas (ECA) regulations. Moreover, the analytical solutions compared with a benchmark case are derived. We find that vessel speed and SO₂ emissions will decrease under the ECA regulations. However, shipping company’s level of competition has no effect on the equivalent speed. The equivalent freight volume to be reduced or increased is determined by the additional operational cost per voyage due to ECA regulations. Numerical study and sensitivity analysis reveal that the vessel speed and SO₂ emission reduction are very sensitive to the inventory costs of in-transit cargo. Furthermore, if low-sulphur marine gas oil is used throughout the voyage, the SO₂ emission reduction may be greater than 80%, with a low impact on the shipping company’s profit. Thus, considering the environmental effects, much stricter limits can be set in the future.

在这项研究中，开发了两个综合博弈模型来探索排放控制区 (ECA) 法规可能带来的经济和环境后果。此外，推导出与基准案例相比的解析解。我们发现，根据 ECA 规定，船速和 SO ₂排放量将下降。但是，船公司的竞争水平对等效速度没有影响。减少或增加的等效货运量由 ECA 规定导致的每航次的额外运营成本决定。数值研究和灵敏度分析表明，船速和 SO ₂减排对在途货物的库存成本非常敏感。此外，如果全程使用低硫船用轻油，SO ₂减排量可能大于80%，对船公司利润影响较小。因此，考虑到环境影响，未来可以设置更严格的限制。