This article examines the enclosure of the de facto commons that surrounded New Orleans during the final decades of the nineteenth century and argues that public parks were crucial tools deployed by civic elites on behalf of that initiative. As the regulatory efforts of reform-minded mayor Joseph A. Shakspeare failed to eliminate the persistent “cattle nuisance” that emanated from the undeveloped suburbs, he turned to parks as a means of fundamentally transforming the character of the land. By physically enclosing large swathes of acreage, conditioning the public to be urban subjects, and associating the area with leisure rather than agrarian production, the parks made it possible for the city’s modernizers to push dairy farmers out of the area and initiate a process of residential development. By examining this strategic use of greenspace in Gilded Age-era New Orleans, this article seeks to shed new light on the ways in which the urban environment was manipulated in service of the broader New South movement.

中文翻译：

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牧场上的公园：在新奥尔良战后封闭公地

本文考察了 19 世纪最后几十年包围新奥尔良的事实上的公地圈地，并认为公园是公民精英代表该倡议部署的重要工具。由于具有改革思想的约瑟夫·A·莎士比亚少校的监管努力未能消除来自未开发郊区的持续“牛滋扰”，他转向公园作为从根本上改变土地特征的一种手段。通过物理封闭大片土地，使公众成为城市主体，并将该地区与休闲而非农业生产联系起来，这些公园使城市的现代化者有可能将奶农赶出该地区并启动住宅进程发展。