Abstract

Little is known about the prevalence of gender-based violence (GBV) in sport in European Union (EU) Member States (MS). The research question underpinning this study was therefore: What is the nature and extent of gender-based violence in sport in the EU? The study involved a scoping exercise that mapped existing research on the incidence and/or prevalence of any/all form(s) of GBV in sport. This was complemented by interviews with key stakeholders within each EU MS. Forty-one studies were identified across 17 countries. Of these, none investigated the whole range of behaviours that constitute GBV, so the prevalence of GBV in sport in EU MS is unknown. The most commonly studied form of GBV was sexual harassment, which had a reported prevalence rate of between 1% and 64% due to different methodologies and definitions. This variation is indicative of the challenges of studying GBV, which are discussed in this paper. Without clear prevalence rates for of (all forms of) GBV, prevention efforts cannot be efficiently targeted and the effectiveness of interventions cannot be assessed. Among others, we recommend the European Commission contract regular research in sport that uses a standardised definition of GBV and a common methodological approach.

摘要

人们对欧盟 (EU) 成员国 (MS) 体育运动中基于性别的暴力 (GBV) 的流行情况知之甚少。因此，支持这项研究的研究问题是：欧盟体育运动中基于性别的暴力的性质和程度如何？该研究涉及一项范围界定活动，该活动映射了关于体育运动中任何/所有形式的 GBV 的发生率和/或流行率的现有研究。此外，还对每个欧盟成员国内的主要利益相关者进行了访谈。在 17 个国家/地区确定了 41 项研究。其中，没有人调查构成 GBV 的整个行为范围，因此欧盟 MS 中 GBV 在运动中的流行是未知的。最常研究的 GBV 形式是性骚扰，由于不同的方法和定义，性骚扰的报告流行率为 1% 至 64%。这种变化表明了研究 GBV 的挑战，本文对此进行了讨论。没有明确的（所有形式的）GBV 流行率，就无法有效地针对预防工作开展工作，也无法评估干预措施的有效性。除其他外，我们建议欧盟委员会承包定期体育研究，使用 GBV 的标准化定义和通用方法。