Stroke is one of the leading causes of patients' death and long-term disability worldwide, and ischaemic stroke (IS) accounts for nearly 80% of all strokes. Differential genes and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in male and female patients with IS were compared. The authors used cell type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT) to analyse the distribution pattern of immune subtypes between male and female patients. In this study, 141 up-regulated and 61 down-regulated genes were gathered and distributed into five modules in response to their correlation degree to clinical traits. The criterion for Gene Ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway indicated that detailed analysis had the potential to enhance clinical prediction and to identify the gender-related mechanism. After that, the expression levels of hub genes were measured via the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method. Finally, CCL20, ICAM1 and PTGS2 were identified and these may be some promising targets for sex differences in IS. Besides, the hub genes were further verified by rat experiments. Furthermore, these CIBERSORT results showed that T cells CD8 and Monocytes may be the target for the treatment of male and female patients, respectively.

中文翻译：

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通过共表达网络模块鉴定缺血性脑卒中性别差异决定的关键基因和免疫浸润细胞。

中风是全球患者死亡和长期残疾的主要原因之一，缺血性中风 (IS) 占所有中风的近 80%。比较了男性和女性 IS 患者的差异基因和加权基因共表达网络分析 (WGCNA)。作者通过估计 RNA 转录物的相对亚群 (CIBERSORT) 使用细胞类型识别来分析男性和女性患者之间免疫亚型的分布模式。在这项研究中，根据它们与临床特征的相关程度，收集了 141 个上调基因和 61 个下调基因并将其分布到五个模块中。基因本体论 (GO) 术语和京都基因和基因组百科全书 (KEGG) 通路的标准表明，详细分析有可能增强临床预测并确定与性别相关的机制。之后，通过定量实时PCR（qRT-PCR）方法测量中枢基因的表达水平。最后，确定了 CCL20、ICAM1 和 PTGS2，这些可能是 IS 中性别差异的一些有希望的目标。此外，通过大鼠实验进一步验证了hub基因。此外，这些 CIBERSORT 结果表明，T 细胞 CD8 和单核细胞可能分别是治疗男性和女性患者的目标。ICAM1 和 PTGS2 已被确定，这些可能是 IS 中性别差异的一些有希望的目标。此外，通过大鼠实验进一步验证了hub基因。此外，这些 CIBERSORT 结果表明，T 细胞 CD8 和单核细胞可能分别是治疗男性和女性患者的目标。ICAM1 和 PTGS2 已被确定，这些可能是 IS 中性别差异的一些有希望的目标。此外，通过大鼠实验进一步验证了hub基因。此外，这些 CIBERSORT 结果表明，T 细胞 CD8 和单核细胞可能分别是治疗男性和女性患者的目标。