Abstract

The effectiveness of the Enhanced Assess, Acknowledge, Act (EAAA) program in reducing victimization and impacting other outcomes (mediators of program effects) was demonstrated in a randomized controlled trial. A planned analysis showed that program effects on sexual assault were not significantly different for survivors of completed rape and other women. The present article investigated whether the impact of EAAA on incidence of rape and attempted rape and on the mediators of EAAA’s effectiveness (e.g., situational risk detection, direct resistance, self-defense self-efficacy) was strengthened or weakened for women with a history of victimization (i.e., history of rape, attempted rape, or neither). EAAA’s impact on self-blame for women who experienced rape after program participation was also assessed. Data from 851 women who received either EAAA or a control intervention were examined. Regardless of victimization history, participants benefited from EAAA to some degree (28%–85% relative risk reduction). Prior victimization was not a significant moderator of the variables that mediate EAAA’s effectiveness, suggesting EAAA functions similarly for women regardless of victimization history. Finally, women who were raped post-intervention blamed themselves significantly less after taking EAAA than women in the control group. This effect was found both for rape survivors and women with no history of victimization but not for attempted rape survivors. These results contribute to the #MeToo movement(s) by showing the power of feminist resistance education as well as areas where program adaptation or boosters are needed.

摘要

一项随机对照试验证明了增强评估、确认、行动 (EAAA) 计划在减少受害和影响其他结果（计划效果的中介）方面的有效性。一项计划分析表明，对于完成强奸的幸存者和其他女性，计划对性侵犯的影响没有显着差异。本文调查了 EAAA 对强奸和强奸未遂发生率以及 EAAA 有效性的中介因素（例如，情境风险检测、直接抵抗、自卫自我效能）的影响是否增强或减弱了对有过性行为史的女性的影响。受害（即强奸史、强奸未遂或两者都没有）。还评估了 EAAA 对参与计划后遭受强奸的女性自责的影响。检查了来自接受 EAAA 或对照干预的 851 名妇女的数据。无论受害历史如何，参与者都在一定程度上受益于 EAAA（相对风险降低了 28%–85%）。先前的受害不是调解 EAAA 有效性的变量的重要调节因素，这表明无论受害历史如何，EAAA 对女性的功能相似。最后，与对照组女性相比，干预后被强奸的女性在服用 EAAA 后对自己的责备要少得多。这种影响在强奸幸存者和没有受害历史的女性身上都发现了，但在强奸未遂幸存者身上却没有。这些结果通过展示女权主义抵抗教育的力量以及需要计划调整或助推器的领域，为#MeToo 运动做出了贡献。