This article examines five wars that occurred on the Malay-Thai Peninsula in the period 1785–1838 and the deep impact they had upon women's lives during and after the conflicts. Constituting the majority of surviving refugees, women rebuilt their lives in the wake of war through business and trade in Malaya, as Islamic teachers in Mecca and Southeast Asia, and as servants and slaves in Bangkok. In each of these settings, women encountered new forms of agency and newfound challenges, shifting cultural values that regulated decisions and actions, and evolving perceptions of the qualifications for leadership. Focused upon the political demise of the Patani Sultanate, a state with a long history of female rule, this study is of particular relevance to scholarly debates concerning women in contemporary warfare because of its transnational focus with keen attention to women in a variety of Islamic spaces and contexts, its aim of dispelling the pervasive notion of Muslim women as lacking agency, and as a point of comparison for the present armed conflict still raging in Southern Thailand that has claimed more than five thousand and continues to impact women and gender dynamics in the region.

本文考察了 1785 年至 1838 年期间发生在马来-泰国半岛的五场战争，以及它们在冲突期间和之后对妇女生活的深刻影响。作为幸存难民的大多数，妇女在战后通过马来亚的商业和贸易重建了自己的生活，在麦加和东南亚担任伊斯兰教师，在曼谷担任仆人和奴隶。在每一种情况下，女性都遇到了新形式的代理和新发现的挑战，改变了规范决策和行动的文化价值观，以及对领导资格的看法不断变化。专注于历史悠久的女性统治的北大年苏丹国的政治灭亡，