A frequently recounted narrative about the history of the scientific study of emotion moves quickly from the 19th century pioneers, Charles Darwin and William James, to the 1960s when the cognitive turn and basic emotions approach reemerged. The early-to-mid 20th century is often passed over as a period of behaviorist domination where little substantive work on inner states such as emotion took place. While the neurological theories of James Papez and Paul MacLean proposed during this period are usually mentioned, psychological experimentation and theorizing are typically given short shrift when discussing this era. Reconsideration of the life and work of Elizabeth Duffy (1904-1970), a trenchant critic of the use of emotion as a scientific term during the 1930s and 1940s, reveals that many contemporary debates about the definition of emotion and its relationship to other psychological terms were engaged with vigor during this supposedly arid period for the scientific study of emotion. Duffy questioned the adequacy of everyday language for describing foundational psychological constructs. In her opinion, the term emotion was too imprecise and poorly defined to be of use for scientific purposes The professional difficulties faced by female scientists of her generation are among the multiplicity of factors that contribute to the lack of historical attention to Duffy's work. Here we present Duffy's life and work as a case study of the "emotionology" of second-generation American women psychologists. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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重建情绪的历史：重温伊丽莎白·达菲对“情绪”一词的拒绝。

关于情感科学研究历史的频繁叙述，从 19 世纪的先驱查尔斯·达尔文和威廉·詹姆斯迅速转移到 1960 年代，当时认知转向和基本情感方法重新出现。20 世纪早期到中期经常被视为行为主义统治时期，在那里几乎没有对情绪等内在状态进行实质性研究。虽然通常会提到 James Papez 和 Paul MacLean 在此期间提出的神经学理论，但在讨论这个时代时，通常会忽略心理实验和理论化。重新考虑伊丽莎白·达菲（Elizabeth Duffy，1904-1970 年）的生活和工作，她是 1930 年代和 1940 年代将情感用作科学术语的尖锐批评者，揭示了许多关于情绪定义及其与其他心理学术语关系的当代辩论在这个所谓的情绪科学研究干旱时期充满活力。达菲质疑日常语言是否足以描述基本的心理结构。在她看来，情感这个词太不精确，定义不清，无法用于科学目的。她那一代女科学家面临的专业困难是导致达菲工作缺乏历史关注的多种因素之一。在这里，我们以第二代美国女性心理学家的“情绪学”为例，介绍达菲的生平和工作。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。