In this paper, we focus on two constructions that allow preverbal subjects headed by a so-called partitive article in French, that is, sentences with a stage-level predicate and generic emphatic constructions. The aim is to explain why their counterparts were generally not accepted by speakers of Francoprovençal, an endangered and understudied Gallo-Romance language, in a translation task carried out in fieldwork in the Aosta Valley in Italy (Ihsane 2018, Stark & Gerards 2020). To account for our results, we propose that preverbal subjects in the two languages have different statuses and develop the typology of languages postulated by Dobrovie-Sorin & Laca (2003): we argue that there are more than two types of languages when it comes to the status of preverbal subjects and that Francoprovençal differs not only from French (Ihsane 2018), but also from languages like Spanish: it generally has topical subjects like Spanish but also allows some subjects that represent new information to occur preverbally. In contrast to French, however, this option is restricted to nominals that reach a certain degree of referential givenness (Gundel 2003).

中文翻译：

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带有部分文章的前语言主题：Aosta Valley Francoprovençal 和法语之间的比较*

在本文中，我们关注两种允许以所谓的法语部分冠词为首的动词前主语的结构，即具有阶段级别谓词的句子和通用强调结构。目的是解释为什么在意大利奥斯塔谷进行的一项翻译任务中，他们的同行通常不被法语普罗旺斯语（一种濒临灭绝且未被充分研究的高卢浪漫语言）的使用者所接受（Ihsane 2018，Stark & Gerards 2020）。为了解释我们的结果，我们提出两种语言中的前言语主体具有不同的地位，并发展了 Dobrovie-Sorin & Laca (2003) 所假设的语言类型学：我们认为，当涉及到语言前科目的地位，而且法语普罗旺斯语不仅不同于法语（Ihsane 2018），但也来自西班牙语等语言：它通常具有西班牙语等主题主题，但也允许一些代表新信息的主题以口头形式出现。然而，与法语相比，此选项仅限于达到一定程度的指称给定性的名词（Gundel 2003）。