Sacrilegious attitudes toward the Eucharistic host are one of the most commonplace accusations leveled against Jews in premodern Europe. Usually treated in Jewish historiography as an expression of anti-Judaism or antisemitism, they are considered a hallmark of Jewish powerlessness and persecution. In medieval and early modern Spain, however, Jews and conversos (Jewish converts to Christianity and their descendants) were not the only proclaimed enemies of the Eucharist. Reports about avoidance, rejection, criticism, and even ridicule and profanation of the consecrated host were similarly leveled against Muslims and moriscos (Muslim converts to Christianity). This essay seeks to assess the parallels and connections between the two groups through a comparative examination of accusations of sacrilegious behavior towards the host. The first part of the essay analyzes religious art, legal compendia, and inquisitorial trials records from the tribunals of Toledo and Cuenca in order to show some evident homologies between the two groups. The second part of the essay focuses on the analysis of the works of Jaime Bleda and Pedro Aznar y Cardona, two apologists of the expulsion of the moriscos, and draws direct connections between Jewish and morisco sacrilege. By exploring the similarities and differences between accusations against conversos and moriscos, this essay aims to offer a broader reflection on Jewish exceptionalism.

对圣体圣事的亵渎态度是前现代欧洲对犹太人最常见的指控之一。通常在犹太史学中被视为反犹太教或反犹太主义的表达，它们被认为是犹太人无能为力和迫害的标志。然而，在中世纪和现代早期的西班牙，犹太人和 conversos（皈依基督教的犹太人及其后裔）并不是圣体圣事的唯一公开敌人。有关回避、拒绝、批评，甚至嘲笑和亵渎神圣宿主的报道也同样针对穆斯林和摩里斯科人（穆斯林皈依基督教）。本文旨在通过对针对主人的亵渎行为的指控进行比较检查来评估这两个群体之间的相似之处和联系。文章的第一部分分析了托莱多和昆卡法庭的宗教艺术、法律纲要和宗教裁判所的审判记录，以显示两个群体之间的一些明显的同源性。文章的第二部分重点分析了驱逐摩里斯科人的两位辩护者海梅·布莱达 (Jaime Bleda) 和佩德罗·阿斯纳尔·卡多纳 (Pedro Aznar y Cardona) 的作品，并在犹太人和摩里斯科人的亵渎行为之间建立了直接联系。通过探讨对 conversos 和 moriscos 的指控之间的异同，本文旨在对犹太例外主义进行更广泛的反思。文章的第二部分重点分析了驱逐摩里斯科人的两位辩护者海梅·布莱达 (Jaime Bleda) 和佩德罗·阿斯纳尔·卡多纳 (Pedro Aznar y Cardona) 的作品，并在犹太人和摩里斯科人的亵渎行为之间建立了直接联系。通过探讨对 conversos 和 moriscos 的指控之间的异同，本文旨在对犹太例外主义进行更广泛的反思。文章的第二部分重点分析了驱逐摩里斯科人的两位辩护者海梅·布莱达 (Jaime Bleda) 和佩德罗·阿斯纳尔·卡多纳 (Pedro Aznar y Cardona) 的作品，并在犹太人和摩里斯科人的亵渎行为之间建立了直接联系。通过探讨对 conversos 和 moriscos 的指控之间的异同，本文旨在对犹太例外主义进行更广泛的反思。