Latinos and Asian-Americans constitute the largest recent immigrant groups in the United States. Upon arrival, immigrants from these groups generally identify with their national origin despite being categorized as “Asian” or “Latino” for state enumeration. While both are racialized and excluded from mainstream identities, they differ in their internal linguistic and religious diversities, socioeconomic status, and immigration experiences. Sociologists theorized that Asian-American panethnicity is based on structural commonalities while Latino panethnicity is built upon cultural commonalities. We elaborate the theoretical understanding of contexts associated with this identification and find alternative underpinnings that shape both groups’ panethnic identification. We find generation since immigration is a common basis for elevated likelihood of panethnic identification for both groups. However, among Asian-Americans, we find English proficiency and age increase people’s odds of identifying with a panethnic identity over a national origin term, whereas for Latinos, political affiliation and religiosity increase these odds.

拉丁美洲人和亚裔美国人构成了美国最近的最大移民群体。来自这些群体的移民在抵达后通常会认同他们的国籍，尽管在国家统计中被归类为“亚洲人”或“拉丁裔”。虽然两者都被种族化并被排除在主流身份之外，但他们在内部语言和宗教多样性、社会经济地位和移民经历方面有所不同。社会学家认为，亚裔美国人的泛种族是基于结构上的共性，而拉丁裔泛种族是建立在文化共性之上的。我们详细阐述了对与此识别相关的上下文的理论理解，并找到了塑造两个群体泛族识别的替代基础。我们发现世代以来，移民是提高两个群体泛族认同可能性的共同基础。然而，在亚裔​​美国人中，我们发现英语熟练程度和年龄增加了人们在民族起源术语上认同泛民族身份的几率，而对于拉丁裔，政治派别和宗教信仰增加了这些几率。