The present study examined how maltreatment experience was associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children under institutional care. The key caregivers of children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years who were under institutional care in Nagano prefecture, Japan were asked to answer the background questionnaire, ADHD-Rating Scale, and the Japanese children's version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient. A total of 378 valid responses were obtained, of which 222 reported maltreatment experience prior to institutionalization. Both hyperactive/impulsive and inattentive scores were significantly higher in the maltreated group. Maltreatment experience was significantly associated with the presence of hyperactive/impulsive symptoms (p = 0.003) and inattentive symptoms (p = 0.027). Particularly, those who had experienced physical abuse were significantly more likely to have hyperactive/impulsive symptoms (p = 0.012) and autistic trait (p = 0.002). Thorough assessment of neurodevelopmental symptoms should be performed when placing children with maltreatment experience into institutional care.

中文翻译：

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有虐待经历的收容所儿童的多动/冲动症状和自闭症特征

本研究探讨了虐待经历与机构照料儿童的自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 症状之间的关系。要求日本长野县接受机构照料的 6 至 18 岁儿童和青少年的主要照护者回答背景问卷、ADHD 评分量表和日本儿童版的自闭症谱商。共获得 378 份有效答复，其中 222 份报告了收容前的虐待经历。虐待组的多动/冲动和注意力不集中评分均显着较高。虐待经历与多动/冲动症状的存在显着相关（p = 0.003) 和注意力不集中的症状 ( p  = 0.027)。特别是，那些经历过身体虐待的人更容易出现多动/冲动症状（p  = 0.012）和自闭症特征（p  = 0.002）。将有虐待经历的儿童送入机构照料时，应全面评估神经发育症状。