For surveys of complex issues that entail multiple steps, multiple reference points, and nongradient attributes (e.g., social inequality), this study proposes a new multiprocess model that integrates ideal-point and dominance approaches into a treelike structure (IDtree). In the IDtree, an ideal-point approach describes an individual’s attitude and then a dominance approach describes their tendency for using extreme response categories. Evaluation of IDtree performance via two empirical data sets showed that the IDtree fit these data better than other models. Furthermore, simulation studies showed a satisfactory parameter recovery of the IDtree. Thus, the IDtree model sheds light on the response processes of a multistage structure.

对于涉及多个步骤、多个参考点和非梯度属性（例如，社会不平等）的复杂问题的调查，本研究提出了一种新的多过程模型，该模型将理想点和优势方法整合到树状结构 (IDtree) 中。在 IDtree 中，理想点方法描述了个人的态度，然后支配方法描述了他们使用极端反应类别的倾向。通过两个经验数据集对 IDtree 性能的评估表明，IDtree 比其他模型更适合这些数据。此外，模拟研究表明 IDtree 的参数恢复令人满意。因此，IDtree 模型阐明了多级结构的响应过程。