ABSTRACT: Subtropical coral reefs along the coast are facing multiple pressures. Mariculture is one of the main sources of such pressure. Oyster culture has become a worldwide phenomenon in coastal ecosystems. Due to the high filtration efficiency of oysters, their culture has helped to purify some coastal waters. However, high-density oyster culture has also had negative effects on coastal ecosystems, including the loss of natural habitat, changes in hydrology, cross infection of corals with pathogenic bacteria, and changes to the structure and function of bacterioplankton communities. In this study, the effect of oyster culture on coral reefs was characterized based on variability in the structure and function of bacterioplankton communities. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, a comprehensive bacterioplankton reference database was constructed for coral reef habitats associated with oyster culture and subjected to different disturbance gradients. Small shifts in the surrounding coral reef environment caused by oyster culture disturbance were detected by comparing the structure and function of bacterioplankton communities with biogeochemical parameters. The measured chemical dynamics explained 71.15% of the bacterioplankton community variability between habitats. Oyster culture increased the richness and diversity of bacterioplankton communities. Species composition similarity was highest between the oyster culture area and the nearest coral reef habitat. The spatial turnover in the bacterioplankton community was characterized by less uniform community assembly patterns. The bacterioplankton function of reefs relatively far from anthropogenic disturbance differed from that of those closer to such disturbances. Our results also show that the variability in structure and function of bacterioplankton communities between oyster culture areas and coral reef areas was mainly driven by salinity and ammonium. Oyster culture can impact bacterioplankton community composition and dynamics around coral reef habitats. The results provide an important context for developing frameworks for managing ecological interactions among oyster cultures and coral reef habitats of concern.

中文翻译：

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牡蛎养殖对大亚湾珊瑚礁浮游细菌群落组成和功能的影响

摘要：沿海亚热带珊瑚礁面临多重压力。海水养殖是这种压力的主要来源之一。牡蛎养殖已成为沿海生态系统的世界性现象。由于牡蛎的高过滤效率，它们的养殖有助于净化一些沿海水域。然而，高密度牡蛎养殖也对沿海生态系统产生了负面影响，包括自然栖息地的丧失、水文变化、珊瑚与病原菌的交叉感染以及浮游细菌群落结构和功能的变化。在这项研究中，牡蛎养殖对珊瑚礁的影响基于浮游细菌群落结构和功能的可变性进行了表征。使用16S rRNA基因测序，为与牡蛎养殖相关并受到不同干扰梯度的珊瑚礁栖息地构建了一个综合浮游细菌参考数据库。通过将浮游细菌群落的结构和功能与生物地球化学参数进行比较，检测到牡蛎养殖干扰引起的周围珊瑚礁环境的微小变化。测量的化学动力学解释了栖息地之间浮游细菌群落变异的 71.15%。牡蛎养殖增加了浮游细菌群落的丰富性和多样性。牡蛎养殖区与最近的珊瑚礁栖息地之间的物种组成相似性最高。浮游细菌群落空间周转的特点是群落组装模式不太统一。相对远离人为干扰的珊瑚礁浮游细菌功能与较接近人为干扰的珊瑚礁的浮游细菌功能不同。我们的研究结果还表明，牡蛎养殖区和珊瑚礁区之间浮游细菌群落结构和功能的变化主要是由盐度和铵盐驱动的。牡蛎养殖会影响珊瑚礁栖息地周围的浮游细菌群落组成和动态。结果为开发管理牡蛎养殖和珊瑚礁栖息地之间生态相互作用的框架提供了重要的背景。我们的研究结果还表明，牡蛎养殖区和珊瑚礁区之间浮游细菌群落结构和功能的变化主要是由盐度和铵盐驱动的。牡蛎养殖会影响珊瑚礁栖息地周围的浮游细菌群落组成和动态。结果为开发管理牡蛎养殖和珊瑚礁栖息地之间生态相互作用的框架提供了重要的背景。我们的研究结果还表明，牡蛎养殖区和珊瑚礁区之间浮游细菌群落结构和功能的变化主要是由盐度和铵盐驱动的。牡蛎养殖会影响珊瑚礁栖息地周围的浮游细菌群落组成和动态。结果为开发管理牡蛎养殖和珊瑚礁栖息地之间生态相互作用的框架提供了重要的背景。