Abstract

To review and evaluate the transformation of Russia at the historical juncture of the 30th anniversary of the Soviet collapse is an essential task. Compared with political and economic transformation, social transformation is more complex, slower, and more uncertain. This paper seeks to examine Russia’s social transformation from a totalitarian to a civil society from the perspective of the state-society relationship. Viewed from Western theories of civil society, the social transformation of Russia has not been a success: citizens have a low level of self-organization, civil rights are not genuinely guaranteed, and state power constantly intervenes in civil society. However, this transformation has achieved the goal of social solidarity. We need to reflect upon the concept of social transformation and gain an understanding of the structure of and changes in Russian society by taking into account its cultural logic and historical context.

摘要

在苏联解体30周年的历史关头，审视和评价俄罗斯的转型，是一项必不可少的任务。与政治和经济转型相比，社会转型更复杂、更缓慢、更不确定。本文试图从国家与社会关系的角度来考察俄罗斯从极权主义到公民社会的社会转型。从西方公民社会理论来看，俄罗斯的社会转型并不成功：公民自组织水平低，公民权利得不到真正保障，国家权力不断干预公民社会。然而，这种转变已经实现了社会团结的目标。