Aims. The complex dynamics of bodies, originating from the interplanetary matter and passing through Earth’s atmosphere, defines their further position, velocity, and final location on Earth’s surface in the form of meteorites. One of the important factors that affect the movement of a body in the atmosphere is its shape and orientation. Our goal is to model the interaction of real shape meteoroids with Earth’s atmosphere and compare the results with the standard spherical body approach. Methods. In the simulation, we use 3D models of fragments of the Košice meteorite with different sizes and shapes. Using a 3D model of fragments, we consider the real shape of the body to define its resistance properties during atmospheric transition more specifically. The simulation is performed using virtual wind tunnel in the MicroCFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software to obtain more realistic drag coefficients and using the µ(m)-Trajectory software to model the particle trajectory in the atmosphere including the wind profile. The final outputs from these programs are the drag coefficient as a function of the altitude and the particle orientation. Using these parameters we get the more realistic body trajectory and the impact area coordinates. Comparison of the results for real and spherical model meteorite impact location is discussed. Results. Simulation showed significant differences in trajectory and the impact area for the different real body orientations compared to the spherically symmetric body. Also, an important result is a difference in the impact area of the real body with a specific orientation without rotation and the body with considered rotation. The significant difference between the modeled impact of a real shape body and its real place of finding compared to a spherically symmetric body indicates the importance of the method used.

中文翻译：

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飞行的黑暗阶段和真实形状陨石撞击区域的建模

目标。源自行星际物质并穿过地球大气层的物体的复杂动力学以陨石的形式定义了它们在地球表面的进一步位置、速度和最终位置。影响物体在大气中运动的重要因素之一是它的形状和方向。我们的目标是模拟真实形状的流星体与地球大气的相互作用，并将结果与​​标准球体方法进行比较。方法. 在模拟中，我们使用了不同大小和形状的科希策陨石碎片的 3D 模型。使用碎片的 3D 模型，我们考虑身体的真实形状，以更具体地定义其在大气过渡期间的阻力特性。模拟是使用 MicroCFD（计算流体动力学）软件中的虚拟风洞进行的，以获得更真实的阻力系数，并使用 µ(m)-Trajectory 软件模拟大气中的粒子轨迹，包括风廓线。这些程序的最终输出是作为高度和粒子方向函数的阻力系数。使用这些参数，我们可以获得更真实的身体轨迹和撞击区域坐标。讨论了真实和球形模型陨石撞击位置的结果比较。结果。仿真表明，与球对称体相比，不同真实身体方向的轨迹和撞击区域存在显着差异。此外，一个重要的结果是在没有旋转的特定方向的真实身体和考虑旋转的身体的影响区域上存在差异。与球对称体相比，真实形状物体的模拟影响与其真实发现位置之间的显着差异表明所用方法的重要性。