This article proposes a new model for the regulation of no oral modification (NOM) clauses. First, the article seeks to offer a deeper understanding of the wishes of the parties in contracts from the perspective of parties' autonomy, distinguishing between intentions focused on the legal relationships and those focused on extra-contractual relations. Second, we explain how enforcement of NOM clauses may influence the parties' relations. Third, the article includes an economic analysis clarifying the roles of efficiency and institutional considerations in the NOM phenomenon. Applying the results of our analysis, we propose a comprehensive model for regulating NOM clauses. The key innovation of the model is context-dependent regulation differentiating among sophisticated and equally powerful parties, unsophisticated parties of equal power, and relationships with power disparities. Our model also offers an auxiliary test to help distinguish between parties' legal relationships and their extra-contractual relations.

本文提出了一种新的规范无口头修改（NOM）条款的模式。首先，本文试图从当事人意思自治的角度对合同当事人的意愿进行更深入的理解，区分关注法律关系的意图和关注合同外关系的意图。其次，我们解释了 NOM 条款的执行如何影响当事人的关系。第三，本文包括一项经济分析，阐明了效率和制度因素在 NOM 现象中的作用。应用我们的分析结果，我们提出了一个规范 NOM 条款的综合模型。该模型的关键创新是依赖于上下文的监管，区分成熟和同等强大的政党、同等权力的简单政党、以及与权力差距的关系。我们的模型还提供了一个辅助测试来帮助区分当事人的法律关系和他们的合同外关系。