In 2014, the European Court of Human Rights found that France’s prohibition on women wearing the full face veil did not violate Article 9. In doing so, it accepted that the ban was necessary in order to achieve ‘vivre ensemble’ or ‘living together’. The use of the concept was controversial and the response at the time was mostly critical. This article examines when and in what ways the Court has used vivre ensemble since that decision. It considers the arguments made by member states and applicants and the Court’s reasoning in later cases on the face veil and other Islamic clothing, as well examining reference to vivre ensemble by the Court in other contexts. It finds that the full face veil is constructed as fundamentally different to other forms of religious clothing and there is little reliance on the concept other than in the ‘burqa ban’ cases

中文翻译：

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“Vivre Ensemble”发生了什么：SAS v France 之后的发展

2014 年，欧洲人权法院裁定，法国禁止女性戴全脸面纱并不违反第 9 条。在这样做时，它承认该禁令是实现“生活合奏”或“共同生活”的必要条件。 . 这个概念的使用是有争议的，当时的反应大多是批评的。本文探讨了自该裁决以来法院何时以及以何种方式使用了 vivre ensemble。它考虑了成员国和申请人提出的论点以及法院在后来的案件中对面纱和其他伊斯兰服装的推理，并审查了法院在其他情况下对生活合奏的提及。它发现，全脸面纱的构造与其他形式的宗教服装根本不同，除了“布卡禁令”案件外，几乎没有依赖这一概念