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Black Bodies in America as the Metaphors for Oppression, Poverty, Violence, and Hate: Searching for Sustainable Solutions Beyond the Black-letter Law
Journal of Black Studies ( IF 0.856 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-26 , DOI: 10.1177/00219347221074060
Williams Iheme 1
Affiliation  

Black people in America have often been labeled outlaws, deviants, and nonconformists who are disinterested in complying with the laid down rules. However, from a long range experience dating back to slavery, they recognize that rules in the American context whether the Slave Codes, Black Codes, Jim Crows, or the contemporary law, are machinations of the legal system to perpetuate oppression and violence against Blackness. Toward self-preservation, they have learned to radically resist acts of oppression such as wrongful arrests by the police and the functional denial of their rights to be presumed innocent, protest and bear arms, even if such resistance necessitates a stark disobedience to the law enforcement. The Stono Rebellion of 1739 and other slave uprisings used resistance to achieve the abolition of chattel slavery. In the contemporary times, the Black radical tradition pursues the eradication of criminal enslavement by promoting Black protests and resistance against wrongful arrests: wrongful arrests have been identified as the preliminary steps toward mass Black incarceration. In opposition to the mainstream perspective in American literature, this paper uses a functional-analytical approach to legal reasoning to analyze key legal, historical, and sociological issues surrounding the existence of Black people in America in order to show that slavery is still functionally alive: it argues positively for the legitimacy and appropriateness of the Black radical tradition as a reliable means of effectuating the myriad black-letter rights that started in 1865 under the Thirteenth Amendment.



中文翻译:

美国的黑人身体是压迫、贫困、暴力和仇恨的隐喻:寻找超越黑字法的可持续解决方案

在美国,黑人经常被贴上不法分子、离经叛道者和不墨守成规者的标签,他们对遵守既定规则不感兴趣。然而,从可以追溯到奴隶制的长期经验来看,他们认识到,在美国背景下,无论是《奴隶法》、《黑人法典》、《吉姆克劳斯法》还是当代法律,都是法律制度的阴谋,旨在使对黑人的压迫和暴力永久化。为了自我保护,他们学会了从根本上抵制压迫行为,例如警察的错误逮捕和功能性剥夺他们被假定无罪、抗议和携带武器的权利,即使这种抵制需要完全不服从执法. 1739 年的斯托诺起义和其他奴隶起义利用抵抗来实现废除动产奴隶制。在当代,黑人激进传统通过促进黑人抗议和抵制非法逮捕来追求根除犯罪奴役:非法逮捕已被确定为大规模黑人监禁的初步步骤。与美国文学中的主流观点相反,本文使用功能分析方法进行法律推理,分析围绕美国黑人存在的关键法律、历史和社会学问题,以表明奴隶制在功能上仍然存在:它积极支持黑人激进传统的合法性和适当性,作为实现 1865 年根据第十三修正案开始的无数黑字权利的可靠手段。黑人激进传统通过促进黑人抗议和抵制非法逮捕来追求根除犯罪奴役:非法逮捕已被确定为大规模黑人监禁的初步步骤。与美国文学中的主流观点相反,本文使用功能分析方法进行法律推理,分析围绕美国黑人存在的关键法律、历史和社会学问题,以表明奴隶制在功能上仍然存在:它积极支持黑人激进传统的合法性和适当性,作为实现 1865 年根据第十三修正案开始的无数黑字权利的可靠手段。黑人激进传统通过促进黑人抗议和抵制非法逮捕来追求根除犯罪奴役:非法逮捕已被确定为大规模黑人监禁的初步步骤。与美国文学中的主流观点相反,本文使用功能分析方法进行法律推理,分析围绕美国黑人存在的关键法律、历史和社会学问题,以表明奴隶制在功能上仍然存在:它积极支持黑人激进传统的合法性和适当性,作为实现 1865 年根据第十三修正案开始的无数黑字权利的可靠手段。非法逮捕已被确定为大规模黑人监禁的初步步骤。与美国文学中的主流观点相反,本文使用功能分析方法进行法律推理,分析围绕美国黑人存在的关键法律、历史和社会学问题,以表明奴隶制在功能上仍然存在:它积极支持黑人激进传统的合法性和适当性,作为实现 1865 年根据第十三修正案开始的无数黑字权利的可靠手段。非法逮捕已被确定为大规模黑人监禁的初步步骤。与美国文学中的主流观点相反,本文使用功能分析方法进行法律推理,分析围绕美国黑人存在的关键法律、历史和社会学问题,以表明奴隶制在功能上仍然存在:它积极支持黑人激进传统的合法性和适当性,作为实现 1865 年根据第十三修正案开始的无数黑字权利的可靠手段。

更新日期:2022-01-26
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