Marine protected areas (MPAs) provide both conservation and economic benefits. Recent international conservation actors have called for a dramatic increase in the area of MPAs from almost 8% to 30% of marine area by 2030 in a policy called 30X30. Both the economics and conservation science literatures consider MPA decisions and MPA impact, although the economics literature focuses on fishery economic outcomes. This review uses an optimization framework for MPA decisions as a lens through which to evaluate the economics literature on MPAs in the context of the 30X30 expansion decisions. We argue for more economic analysis of MPA policy questions, including those around siting, design, restrictions, and management choices; impact evaluation; responses of people; low-income country settings and incomplete enforcement; spatial settings without metapopulations; and conservation rather than harvest objectives.

中文翻译：

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海洋保护区经济学：评估海洋保护区网络扩展的文献

海洋保护区 (MPA) 可提供保护和经济效益。最近，国际保护组织呼吁通过一项名为 30X30 的政策，到 2030 年将海洋保护区面积从海洋面积的近 8% 大幅增加到 30%。经济学和保护科学文献都考虑了海洋保护区的决策和海洋保护区的影响，尽管经济学文献关注的是渔业经济成果。本综述使用 MPA 决策的优化框架作为视角，在 30X30 扩张决策的背景下评估 MPA 的经济学文献。我们主张对海洋保护区的政策问题进行更多的经济分析，包括有关选址、设计、限制和管理选择的问题；影响评估；人们的反应；低收入国家环境和执法不彻底；没有集合种群的空间设置；和保护而不是收获目标。