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Disturbed virus-bacteria dynamics in Otsuchi Bay (Japan) after the mega-earthquake and tsunami in March 2011
Aquatic Microbial Ecology ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 , DOI: 10.3354/ame01984
T Nagata 1 , Y Yang 1 , H Fukuda 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT: On 11 March 2011, a mega-earthquake followed by a huge tsunami hit a large area of the Pacific coast of Tohoku, Japan, and caused widespread disturbances in marine ecosystems; however, the impacts on virus-bacteria systems have not yet been elucidated. To investigate whether virus-bacteria interactions were affected by the earthquake and tsunami, we analyzed time series data of viral and bacterial abundances in Otsuchi Bay. Data were collected every 2 mo, from July 2011 to September 2015. Bacterial abundance exhibited a recurrent seasonal cycle with high abundance during the warm season. The seasonal trend of viruses generally followed that of the bacteria, yielding an average virus to bacteria ratio (VBR) of 10.8 ± 3.6 (mean ± SD; n = 432). A notable exception was found at the first 2 sampling times (July and September 2011) when the VBR was consistently low, with an average value of 5.9 ± 1.2 (n = 32). The average VBR during these time periods was substantially lower than the VBR observed in the same season of subsequent years. An analysis of the subset of data collected in the warm season of 2011 and 2012 revealed that the viral abundance and VBR were negatively correlated with turbidity. These results support the hypothesis that viruses were scavenged by non-host particles from the resuspended sediments and damaged catchment. The earthquake and tsunami thus exerted a prolonged impact, over several months, on the virus-bacteria dynamics in Otsuchi Bay.

中文翻译:

2011 年 3 月大地震和海啸后,大土湾(日本)的病毒-细菌动态受到干扰

摘要:2011年3月11日,日本东北太平洋沿岸大面积发生特大地震和海啸,对海洋生态系统造成大范围干扰;然而,对病毒-细菌系统的影响尚未阐明。为了调查病毒-细菌相互作用是否受到地震和海啸的影响,我们分析了大土湾病毒和细菌丰度的时间序列数据。从 2011 年 7 月到 2015 年 9 月,每 2 个月收集一次数据。细菌丰度表现出周期性的季节性循环,在暖季期间丰度很高。病毒的季节性趋势通常跟随细菌的趋势,平均病毒与细菌的比率 (VBR) 为 10.8 ± 3.6(平均值 ± SD;n = 432)。在前 2 个采样时间(2011 年 7 月和 2011 年 9 月)发现了一个明显的例外,当时 VBR 一直很低,平均值为 5.9 ± 1.2 (n = 32)。这些时间段内的平均 VBR 大大低于随后几年同一季节观察到的 VBR。对 2011 年和 2012 年暖季收集的数据子集的分析表明,病毒丰度和 VBR 与浊度呈负相关。这些结果支持病毒被重新悬浮的沉积物和受损集水区中的非宿主颗粒清除的假设。因此,地震和海啸对大槌湾的病毒-细菌动态产生了长达数月的长期影响。这些时间段内的平均 VBR 大大低于随后几年同一季节观察到的 VBR。对 2011 年和 2012 年暖季收集的数据子集的分析表明,病毒丰度和 VBR 与浊度呈负相关。这些结果支持病毒被重新悬浮的沉积物和受损集水区中的非宿主颗粒清除的假设。因此,地震和海啸对大槌湾的病毒-细菌动态产生了长达数月的长期影响。这些时间段内的平均 VBR 大大低于随后几年同一季节观察到的 VBR。对 2011 年和 2012 年暖季收集的数据子集的分析表明,病毒丰度和 VBR 与浊度呈负相关。这些结果支持病毒被重新悬浮的沉积物和受损集水区中的非宿主颗粒清除的假设。因此,地震和海啸对大槌湾的病毒-细菌动态产生了长达数月的长期影响。这些结果支持病毒被重新悬浮的沉积物和受损集水区中的非宿主颗粒清除的假设。因此,地震和海啸对大槌湾的病毒-细菌动态产生了长达数月的长期影响。这些结果支持病毒被重新悬浮的沉积物和受损集水区中的非宿主颗粒清除的假设。因此,地震和海啸对大槌湾的病毒-细菌动态产生了长达数月的长期影响。
更新日期:2022-02-10
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