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Simultaneous Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latent and Lytic Transcripts in Brain Tissue
ASN Neuro ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2022-02-14 , DOI: 10.1177/17590914211053505
Shu Zhang 1, 2 , Jianxiong Zeng 1, 2 , Yuzheng Zhou 3 , Ruoyun Gao 3 , Stephanie Rice 3 , Xinying Guo 1, 2 , Yongzhen Liu 3 , Pinghui Feng 3 , Zhen Zhao 1, 2
Affiliation  

Neurotrophic herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) establishes lifelong latent infection in humans. Accumulating studies indicate that HSV-1, a risk factor of neurodegenerative diseases, exacerbates the sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). The analysis of viral genetic materials via genomic sequencing and quantitative PCR (qPCR) is the current approach used for the detection of HSV-1; however, this approach is limited because of its difficulty in detecting both latent and lytic phases of the HSV-1 life cycle in infected hosts. RNAscope, a novel in situ RNA hybridization assay, enables visualized detection of multiple RNA targets on tissue sections. Here, we developed a fluorescent multiplex RNAscope assay in combination with immunofluorescence to detect neuronal HSV-1 transcripts in various types of mouse brain samples and human brain tissues. Specifically, the RNA probes were designed to separately recognize two transcripts in the same brain section: (1) the HSV-1 latency-associated transcript (LAT) and (2) the lytic-associated transcript, the tegument protein gene of the unique long region 37 (UL37). As a result, both LAT and UL37 signals were detectable in neurons in the hippocampus and trigeminal ganglia (TG). The quantifications of HSV-1 transcripts in the TG and CNS neurons are correlated with the viral loads during lytic and latent infection. Collectively, the development of combinational detection of neuronal HSV-1 transcripts in mouse brains can serve as a valuable tool to visualize HSV-1 infection phases in various types of samples from AD patients and facilitate our understanding of the infectious origin of neurodegeneration and dementia.



中文翻译:

同时检测脑组织中单纯疱疹病毒 1 型潜伏和溶解转录本

神经营养性单纯疱疹病毒 1 型 (HSV-1) 在人类中建立终身潜伏感染。越来越多的研究表明,神经退行性疾病的危险因素 HSV-1 会加剧散发性阿尔茨海默病 (AD)。通过基因组测序和定量 PCR (qPCR) 分析病毒遗传物质是目前用于检测 HSV-1 的方法;然而,这种方法受到限制,因为它难以检测受感染宿主中 HSV-1 生命周期的潜伏期和裂解期。RNAscope 是一种新颖的原位 RNA 杂交检测方法,可以对组织切片上的多个 RNA 靶标进行可视化检测。在这里,我们开发了一种荧光多重 RNAscope 测定法与免疫荧光法相结合,以检测各种类型的小鼠脑样本和人类脑组织中的神经元 HSV-1 转录物。具体来说,RNA 探针被设计为分别识别同一大脑切片中的两个转录本:(1)HSV-1 潜伏期相关转录本(LAT)和(2)裂解相关转录本,即独特长的外皮蛋白基因。 37 区 (UL37)。结果,在海马和三叉神经节 (TG) 的神经元中可检测到 LAT 和 UL37 信号。TG 和 CNS 神经元中 HSV-1 转录物的量化与裂解和潜伏感染期间的病毒载量相关。总的来说,小鼠大脑中神经元 HSV-1 转录物的组合检测的发展可以作为一种有价值的工具来可视化来自 AD 患者的各种类型样本中的 HSV-1 感染阶段,并有助于我们了解神经变性和痴呆的感染起源。RNA 探针被设计为分别识别同一大脑切片中的两个转录物:(1) HSV-1 潜伏期相关转录物 (LAT) 和 (2) 裂解相关转录物,即独特长区域的外皮蛋白基因 37 (UL37)。结果,在海马和三叉神经节 (TG) 的神经元中可检测到 LAT 和 UL37 信号。TG 和 CNS 神经元中 HSV-1 转录物的量化与裂解和潜伏感染期间的病毒载量相关。总的来说,小鼠大脑中神经元 HSV-1 转录物的组合检测的发展可以作为一种有价值的工具来可视化来自 AD 患者的各种类型样本中的 HSV-1 感染阶段,并有助于我们了解神经变性和痴呆的感染起源。RNA 探针被设计为分别识别同一脑切片中的两个转录物:(1) HSV-1 潜伏期相关转录物 (LAT) 和 (2) 裂解相关转录物,即独特长区 37 的外皮蛋白基因(UL37)。结果,在海马和三叉神经节 (TG) 的神经元中可检测到 LAT 和 UL37 信号。TG 和 CNS 神经元中 HSV-1 转录物的量化与裂解和潜伏感染期间的病毒载量相关。总的来说,小鼠大脑中神经元 HSV-1 转录物的组合检测的发展可以作为一种有价值的工具来可视化来自 AD 患者的各种类型样本中的 HSV-1 感染阶段,并有助于我们了解神经变性和痴呆的感染起源。

更新日期:2022-02-14
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