ABSTRACT

This article examines Polish participation in the Eastern Question in the nineteenth century. In particular, it explores the intensive links between the idea of restoring independent Poland and the rivalry of the European powers as they sought to influence the Ottoman Empire. The most active Polish political group known as the Hôtel Lambert – leaded by Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski – devoted considerable effort, especially in the 1830s, to convince the British and French governments, that a positive solution of the Polish question was an indispensable condition of resolving the Eastern Question. Polish diplomacy also supported the Caucasian highlanders against Russia till 1864, developed close relations with the Balkan Slavs (Serbs, Croats, Bulgarians) and Romanians and tried to be a useful ally of the Western powers during Crimean War. Nevertheless, the idea of gaining tangible support for the Polish cause by linking it with the Eastern Question proved ineffective, although it did help the Poles to keep attract the attention of both European statesmen and public opinion till at least the end of 1870’s.

摘要

本文考察了波兰在 19 世纪对东方问题的参与。特别是，它探讨了恢复独立波兰的想法与欧洲列强在试图影响奥斯曼帝国时的竞争之间的密切联系。被称为 Hôtel Lambert 的最活跃的波兰政治团体——由 Adam Jerzy Czartoryski 亲王领导——付出了相当大的努力，特别是在 1830 年代，以说服英国和法国政府相信，积极解决波兰问题是解决波兰问题不可或缺的条件。东方问题。直到 1864 年，波兰外交还支持高加索高地人对抗俄罗斯，与巴尔干斯拉夫人（塞尔维亚人、克罗地亚人、保加利亚人）和罗马尼亚人建立了密切关系，并在克里米亚战争期间试图成为西方列强的有用盟友。