This paper uses new, large-scale vehicle registry data from Norway and a two-sided market framework to show nonneutrality of different subsidies and estimate their impact on electric vehicle adoption when network externalities are present. Estimates suggest a strong positive connection between electric vehicle purchases and both consumer price and charging station subsidies. Counterfactual analyses suggest that between 2010 and 2015, every dollar spent on station subsidies resulted in more than twice as many additional electric vehicle purchases than the same amount spent on price subsidies. However, this relation inverts with increased spending, as station subsidies’ impact tapers off faster. (JEL D12, D62, D85, H25, L62, Q54)

中文翻译：

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双边市场的网络外部性和补贴结构：来自电动汽车激励的证据

本文使用来自挪威的新的大规模车辆登记数据和双边市场框架来显示不同补贴的非中立性，并在存在网络外部性时估计它们对电动汽车采用的影响。估计表明电动汽车购买与消费者价格和充电站补贴之间存在很强的正相关关系。反事实分析表明，在 2010 年至 2015 年期间，在车站补贴上花费的每一美元导致的电动汽车购买量是相同金额用于价格补贴的两倍多。然而，这种关系随着支出的增加而倒转，因为车站补贴的影响逐渐减弱。(JEL D12、D62、D85、H25、L62、Q54)