Benefiting from high thermal storage density, wide temperature regulation range, operational simplicity, and economic feasibility, latent heat-based thermal energy storage (TES) is comparatively accepted as a cutting-edge TES concept, especially solid-liquid phase change materials (PCMs). However, liquid phase leakage, low thermal/electrical conductivities, weak photoabsorption capacity, and intrinsic rigidity of pristine PCMs are long-standing bottlenecks in both industrial and domestic application scenarios. Towards these goals, emerging two-dimensional (2D) materials containing regions of empty nanospace are ideal alternatives to efficiently encapsulate PCMs molecules and rationalize physical phase transformation, especially graphene, MXene and BN. Herein, we provide a timely and comprehensive review highlighting versatile roles of 2D materials in composite PCMs and relationships between their architectures and thermophysical properties. In addition, we provide an in-depth understanding of the energy conversion mechanisms and rationalize routes to high-efficiency energy conversion PCMs. Finally, we also introduced critical considerations on the challenges and opportunities in the development of advanced high-performance and multifunctional 2D material-based composite PCMs, hoping to provide constructive references and facilitate their significant breakthroughs in both fundamental researches and commercial applications.

得益于高蓄热密度、宽温度调节范围、操作简单和经济可行性，潜热基蓄热（TES）作为一种前沿的TES概念，特别是固-液相变材料（PCMs）被相对接受. 然而，液相泄漏、低导热/导电率、弱光吸收能力和原始相变材料的固有刚性是工业和家庭应用场景中长期存在的瓶颈。为实现这些目标，新兴的包含空纳米空间区域的二维 (2D) 材料是有效封装 PCM 分子和合理化物理相变的理想替代品，尤其是石墨烯、 MXene和 BN. 在此，我们及时全面地回顾了二维材料在复合 PCM 中的多种作用以及它们的结构和热物理性质之间的关系。此外，我们还深入了解了能量转换机制，并合理化了高效能量转换 PCM 的路线。最后，我们还就先进高性能和多功能二维材料基复合材料相变材料的发展面临的挑战和机遇进行了批判性思考，希望提供建设性的参考，促进其在基础研究和商业应用方面的重大突破。