ABSTRACT

Surface ion-imprinting technology (SIIT) is a novel and effective alternative to conventional methods of preparing ion-imprinted polymers. SIIT involves the coating of support materials with a polymeric layer that selectively binds with imprinted metal ions, particularly heavy metal ions. Given its specificity, predictability, and stability, SIIT has been quickly adopted in ion detection, separation, enrichment, and sensing. Here, building on the latest advances in this emerging new technology, we carried out a systematic review to summarize the 1) principles and basic components of surface ion-imprinted polymers (SIIPs); 2) preparations, properties, advantages, and disadvantages of three types of SIIP supporting materials, including inorganic (minerals, carbonaceous materials, metal oxides), organic, and composite (organic/organic, organic/inorganic, inorganic/inorganic) supports; 3) current applications of SIIT, and 4) future challenges and opportunities related to SIIT. Finally, perspectives and future research are discussed to address the pressing need for the development of SIIT for heavy metal ion treatment.

摘要

表面离子印迹技术 (SIIT) 是一种新颖而有效的替代传统离子印迹聚合物制备方法的方法。SIIT 涉及用聚合物层涂覆支撑材料，该聚合物层选择性地与印迹金属离子，特别是重金属离子结合。鉴于其特异性、可预测性和稳定性，SIIT 已迅速被用于离子检测、分离、富集和传感。在这里，基于这项新兴新技术的最新进展，我们进行了系统回顾，总结了 1) 表面离子印迹聚合物 (SIIP) 的原理和基本成分；2）无机（矿物、碳质材料、金属氧化物）、有机、复合（有机/有机、有机/无机、无机/无机）载体；3) SIIT 的当前应用，以及 4) 与 SIIT 相关的未来挑战和机遇。最后，讨论了前景和未来的研究，以解决重金属离子处理 SIIT 发展的迫切需要。