Do ethno-linguistic divisions in a country hamper the implementation of IMF-supported programs? We construct a new measure of implementation and compliance with IMF programs approved during the 1992–2014 period covering 104 countries. Using several measures of diversity, we find that higher levels of ethno-linguistic and cultural fractionalization affect the probability of successful implementation of IMF conditions. Our results show that diverse preferences and coordination failures due to ethnic and cultural diversity undermine the successful implementation of IMF programs. Furthermore, we find that ethno-linguistic fractionalization weakens the implementation of ‘hard’ IMF conditions relative to ‘soft’ conditions. Our findings also show that ethno-linguistic divisions do not affect the implementation of IMF conditions in autocracies as opposed to democracies. These findings are robust to addressing endogeneity concerns using an instrumental variable approach and to a number of alternative specifications, data sets, and approaches.

一个国家的民族语言分歧是否会阻碍国际货币基金组织支持的项目的实施？我们针对 1992 年至 2014 年期间批准的 104 个国家/地区的基金组织计划的实施和遵守情况制定了新的衡量标准。使用多种多样性度量，我们发现更高水平的民族语言和文化分裂会影响成功实施 IMF 条件的概率。我们的研究结果表明，种族和文化多样性导致的不同偏好和协调失败会破坏基金组织项目的成功实施。此外，我们发现民族语言分裂削弱了“硬”IMF 条件相对于“软”条件的执行。' 状况。我们的研究结果还表明，与民主国家相比，民族语言分歧不会影响 IMF 条件在独裁国家的实施。这些发现对于使用工具变量方法和许多替代规范、数据集和方法来解决内生性问题是稳健的。