This study examines the influence of impact-driven installation on the subsequent horizontal monotonic response of small-scale monopiles by using a large-beam geotechnical centrifuge at 100g. A special device including a small-scale hammer was developed to install open-ended monopiles 50 mm in diameter to an embedment depth of 250 mm in flight, and then to apply lateral loading on the monopile head without stopping the centrifuge. The horizontal global and local responses of the monopiles were investigated for two methods of installation: impact driven at 100g, and monotonically jacked at 1g into saturated dense sand. The results highlighted two main features. (a) The effect of impact driving was pronounced for small amplitudes of horizontal loading. With regard to the conditions of serviceability, the in-flight installation increased the secant stiffness by about three times compared with the 1g installation. For a large amplitude of displacement, the lateral capacity increased by 1.3 times. (b) The experimental p–y curves obtained from the in-flight impact-driven installation remained smoother than those predicted by using offshore standards, but were similar to them.

中文翻译：

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离心机中单桩的冲击驱动：对沙中横向响应的影响

本研究通过使用 100 g的大梁岩土离心机，研究了冲击驱动安装对小型单桩随后水平单调响应的影响。开发了一种包括小型锤子的特殊装置，用于在飞行中将直径 50 毫米的开口单桩安装到 250 毫米的嵌入深度，然后在不停止离心机的情况下对单桩头部施加横向载荷。针对两种安装方法研究了单桩的水平全局和局部响应：以 100 g的冲击力驱动，以及以 1 g的压力单调顶入饱和致密沙地。结果突出了两个主要特征。（一个) 冲击驱动的效果在水平载荷的小幅度下很明显。在使用条件方面，飞行中的安装与 1 g安装相比，割线刚度增加了约 3 倍。对于较大的位移幅度，横向承载力增加了1.3倍。( b ) 从飞行中的冲击驱动装置获得的实验p - y曲线仍然比使用海上标准预测的更平滑，但与它们相似。