This paper presents an air pluviation system, developed to facilitate 1g physical model tests in granular soils. The deposition process is fully automated and requires minimal input from the operator, thereby significantly reducing the time required to deposit large volumes of granular material, improving the uniformity of the prepared specimens and the reliability of test results. The components comprising the pluviation system have been calibrated to produce loose-to-very dense sand beds, of relative density that ranges between D_r = 7% and > 100% of the maximum density achieved with the procedures described in the pertinent standards. The testing chamber where sand is deposited is instrumented with an array of pressure sensors, and the rig is equipped with a miniature cone penetration testing (mini-CPT) device. Measurements from the earth pressure sensors and cone tip resistance profiles are used to evaluate how friction at the sand–chamber interfaces affects the distribution of geostatic stresses inside the chamber, the uniformity of sand beds and boundary effects during deposition and during mini-CPT testing. The air pluviation system allows preparing layered sand profiles by adjusting the deposition parameters on the fly, and this feature is demonstrated through the analysis of mini-CPT tests performed in layered sand beds.

中文翻译：

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用于物理建模应用的自动空气流动系统

本文介绍了一种空气雨淋系统，该系统旨在促进颗粒土壤中的 1 g物理模型测试。沉积过程是完全自动化的，需要操作员最少的投入，从而显着减少沉积大量颗粒材料所需的时间，提高制备样品的均匀性和测试结果的可靠性。组成雨洪系统的组件已经过校准，以产生松散至非常致密的沙床，其相对密度介于D _r之间 = 7% 和 > 100% 通过相关标准中描述的程序实现的最大密度。沉积沙子的测试室配备了一系列压力传感器，并且该钻机配备了微型锥形穿透测试 (mini-CPT) 设备。土压力传感器和锥尖阻力剖面的测量值用于评估砂室界面处的摩擦如何影响室内地静应力的分布、砂床的均匀性以及沉积过程中和 mini-CPT 测试过程中的边界效应。空气雨淋系统允许通过动态调整沉积参数来制备层状砂剖面，这一特点通过对层状砂床中进行的 mini-CPT 测试的分析得到证明。