Abstract

In the 1920s, the development of social movements in Hunan showed that for every social trend, there was an “emotional community” with the ability of “cognitive response” as its ideological precursor. But this “emotional community” could hardly be expanded into a great popular movement. When powerful figures use the “emotional expression” of an “emotional community” to “control” the “emotions” of the general public, thus transforming the “emotions” of the people into exuberant extremes, the “emotional community” is unable to influence the direction of the movement. At the same time, powerful figures can use the “emotional community” of “emotional expression” to mobilize the general public at a certain time, forming a social tide. But since the powerful are ultimately unable to translate the “emotions” of the “community” into the emotions of millions of people, any manipulated social movement is unlikely to last. This is indeed the major social trend marked by the coexistence of two oppositional developments in 1920s Hunan.

摘要

1920年代，湖南社会运动的发展表明，每一种社会趋势，都有一个以“认知反应”能力为思想先驱的“情感共同体”。但这种“情感共同体”很难扩展为一场伟大的大众运动。当权势人物利用“情绪共同体”的“情绪表达”来“控制”大众的“情绪”，从而将民众的“情绪”转化为旺盛的极端时，“情绪共同体”就无法影响运动的方向。同时，权势人物可以利用“情感表达”的“情感共同体”，在一定时期动员大众，形成社会潮流。但由于权势者最终无法将“社区”的“情绪”转化为数百万人的情绪，任何被操纵的社会运动都不太可能持续下去。这确实是1920年代湖南两种对立发展并存的社会大趋势。