Introduction: Previous studies reported increased plasma levels of Cystatin C (Cys-C) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and claimed for a possible association with disease severity and progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma Cys-C in PD and healthy controls (HC) and test its association with markers of peripheral inflammation, neurodegeneration and clinical progression in a longitudinal study. Methods: Plasma Cys-C, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) were assessed at the baseline in 71 consecutive non-demented PD and 69 HC. PD patients underwent an extensive motor and cognitive assessment at baseline and after 2 years of follow-up. The association of Cys-C with disease severity was evaluated in a multilinear model adjusted for the effect of age, sex, disease duration and peripheral inflammation. Results: Cys-C levels appeared to be higher in PD compared to controls and correlated with the plasma neuronal marker NfL (r = 0.204, p = 0.046). In longitudinal analyses, PD patients with higher Cys-C levels exhibited faster motor progression at two years of follow-up independently from the peripheral inflammatory profile. Conclusions: Cys-C was associated with higher NfL levels and a remarkably faster motor progression in PD independently from peripheral inflammation. Further studies are needed in order to understand the mechanisms underpinning the association of Cys-C with higher neuronal damage markers in neurodegenerative diseases.


中文翻译：

---

血浆胱抑素 C 与血浆 NfL 水平相关并预测帕金森病的疾病进展

引言：以前的研究报道了帕金森病 (PD) 中胱抑素 C (Cys-C) 的血浆水平升高，并声称可能与疾病严重程度和进展有关。本研究的目的是评估 PD 和健康对照 (HC) 中的血浆 Cys-C，并在纵向研究中测试其与外周炎症、神经退行性变和临床进展标志物的关联。方法：血浆 Cys-C、高敏 C 反应蛋白 (hsCRP)、白细胞介素 6 (IL-6) 和神经丝轻链 (NfL) 在基线时评估了 71 例连续非痴呆 PD 和 69 HC。PD 患者在基线和 2 年随访后接受了广泛的运动和认知评估。Cys-C 与疾病严重程度的关联在一个针对年龄、性别、病程和外周炎症。结果：与对照组相比，PD 患者的 Cys-C 水平似乎更高，并且与血浆神经元标志物 NfL 相关（r = 0.204，p = 0.046）。在纵向分析中，具有较高 Cys-C 水平的 PD 患者在两年的随访中表现出更快的运动进展，与外周炎症特征无关。结论：Cys-C 与更高的 NfL 水平和 PD 中明显更快的运动进展相关，独立于外周炎症。需要进一步研究以了解支持 Cys-C 与神经退行性疾病中较高神经元损伤标志物关联的机制。046）。在纵向分析中，具有较高 Cys-C 水平的 PD 患者在两年的随访中表现出更快的运动进展，与外周炎症特征无关。结论：Cys-C 与更高的 NfL 水平和 PD 中明显更快的运动进展相关，独立于外周炎症。需要进一步研究以了解支持 Cys-C 与神经退行性疾病中较高神经元损伤标志物关联的机制。046）。在纵向分析中，具有较高 Cys-C 水平的 PD 患者在两年的随访中表现出更快的运动进展，与外周炎症特征无关。结论：Cys-C 与更高的 NfL 水平和 PD 中明显更快的运动进展相关，独立于外周炎症。需要进一步研究以了解支持 Cys-C 与神经退行性疾病中较高神经元损伤标志物关联的机制。