Asexually reproducing fungi play a significant role in essential processes in managed and wild ecosystems such as nutrients cycling and multitrophic interactions. A large number of such taxa are among the most notorious plant and animal pathogens. In addition, they have a key role in food production, biotechnology and medicine. Taxa without or rare sexual reproduction are distinguished based on their sporulating structures and conidiomata in traditional morphology-based taxonomy. The number, variation and diversity of asexually reproducing taxa are insufficiently known, even though fungi capable of asexual reproduction may provide an untapped, rich biological resource for future exploitation. Currently, ca. 30,000 asexual species belonging to ca. 3800 genera have been reported (including 1388 coelomycetous and 2265 hyphomycetous genera). Recent reports (2017–2020) reiterate that the number of asexually producing fungi is higher than the number of frequently sexually-reproducing fungi. With the advent of molecular tools and the abandonment of the dual nomenclature system for pleomorphic fungi, priority criteria were established and revisited in the latest outline of fungi and fungus-like taxa. However, species numbers and taxonomic boundaries of pleomorphic taxa and their synanamorphs or synasexual morphs have yet to be addressed. The number of species of speciose genera (e.g. Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cercospora, Fusarium, Phoma and Pseudocercospora), cryptic species, species of pleomorphic genera, less studied life modes (such as lichenicolous taxa, taxa from extreme environments) and species from biodiversity-rich areas still need evaluation to achieve more reliable estimates of their diversity. This paper discusses the current knowledge on the matter, with diversity estimates, and potential obstacles in several chapters on (1) speciose genera; (2) pleomorphic genera; (3) cryptic species; (4) well-studied but insufficiently resolved taxa, e.g. leaf inhabiting species, marine fungi, (5) less studied life modes, e.g. lichenicolous, rock-inhabiting fungi, insect-associated and yeast-forming taxa and (6) species from biodiversity-rich areas.

无性繁殖真菌在管理和野生生态系统的基本过程中发挥重要作用，例如养分循环和多营养相互作用。大量此类分类群属于最臭名昭著的植物和动物病原体。此外，它们在食品生产、生物技术和医药领域也发挥着关键作用。在传统的基于形态学的分类学中，没有或稀有有性生殖的分类群是根据它们的孢子形成结构和分生孢子来区分的。尽管能够无性繁殖的真菌可能为未来的开发提供未开发的丰富生物资源，但无性繁殖分类群的数量、变异和多样性尚不清楚。目前，约。约 30,000 个无性物种。已报道3800个属（包括1388个腔菌属和2265个丝状菌属）。最近的报告（2017-2020 年）重申，无性繁殖真菌的数量高于经常有性繁殖的真菌数量。随着分子工具的出现和多形真菌双重命名系统的放弃，在真菌和类真菌类群的最新大纲中建立并重新审视了优先标准。然而，多形类群及其同形体或同性形体的物种数量和分类边界尚未得到解决。种属的物种数量（例如 在最新的真菌和类真菌类群大纲中确立并重新审视了优先标准。然而，多形类群及其同形体或同性形体的物种数量和分类边界尚未得到解决。种属的物种数量（例如 在最新的真菌和类真菌类群大纲中确立并重新审视了优先标准。然而，多形类群及其同形体或同性形体的物种数量和分类边界尚未得到解决。种属的物种数量（例如链格孢属、曲霉属、尾孢属、镰刀菌属、Phoma和Pseudocercospora)、神秘物种​​、多形属物种、研究较少的生活模式（如地衣类群、来自极端环境的类群）和来自生物多样性丰富地区的物种仍需要评估，以对其多样性进行更可靠的估计。本文讨论了关于这个问题的当前知识，包括多样性估计，以及关于 (1) 物种属的几个章节中的潜在障碍；(2) 多形属；(3) 神秘物种；(4) 研究充分但未充分解决的分类群，例如叶栖物种、海洋真菌，(5) 研究较少的生活模式，例如地衣类、岩栖真菌、昆虫相关和酵母形成分类群，以及 (6) 来自生物多样性的物种- 富人区。