Deepor Beel is a prominent floodplain wetland and a Ramsar site of northeastern (NE) India (Ramsar site no. 1207) covering a 40.14 km2 area and connected to River Brahmaputra. It provides numerous economic (e.g., livelihood and nutritional security) and ecological benefits (e.g. moderation of floods, groundwater recharge, repository of biodiversity) to the locality and its people. Deepor Beel was declared a Wildlife Sanctuary in 1989 and the area covered by the perennial water spread (10.1 km2) was subsequently designated as a Bird Sanctuary by the Government of Assam in 2009. The present paper provides an overview of the rich floral and faunal diversity of the wetland, including aquatic macrophytes (58 species), diatoms (65), zooplankton (171), bryozoans (5), molluscs (15), aquatic insects (55), prawns (3), crabs (2), finfish (68), amphibians (11), reptiles (33), birds (234) and mammals (24), in addition to the beel's limno-chemistry as well its conservation threats and suggested strategies. The wetland supports 18 globally threatened vertebrate species. Eleven bird species occurring in the wetland (Aythya baeri, A. nyroca, Leptoptilos dubius, L. javanicus, Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus, Gyps bengalensis, G. tenuirostris, Haliaeetus leucogaster, Pelecanus philippensis, Sarcogyps calvus, Threskiornis melanocephalus) have been included in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Finfishes reported from the wetland declined from 67 species in 1999 to 64 between 2016 and 2018, which is a matter of concern. According to available information on limno-chemistry, the waters of the wetland have remained within the favorable range of water quality for fish production. Major threats faced by the wetland (e.g. pollution, encroachment, natural processes, etc.) and possible conservation strategies (e.g. control of aquatic pollution, prevention/control of siltation, enacting and enforcing appropriate legislation, and other strategies) are outlined.

中文翻译：

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具有国际重要性的拉姆萨尔湿地 Deepor Beel 的生物多样性和湖沼化学状况：保护需求和前进之路

Deepor Beel 是一个著名的洪泛平原湿地，也是印度东北部 (NE) 的一个拉姆萨尔湿地（拉姆萨尔湿地编号 1207），占地 40.14 平方公里，与布拉马普特拉河相连。它为当地及其人民提供了许多经济（如生计和营养安全）和生态效益（如洪水缓和、地下水补给、生物多样性储存库）。Deepor Beel 于 1989 年被宣布为野生动物保护区，多年生水域覆盖的区域（10.1 平方公里）随后于 2009 年被阿萨姆邦政府指定为鸟类保护区。本文概述了丰富的花卉和动物多样性湿地，包括水生大型植物（58 种）、硅藻（65）、浮游动物（171）、苔藓虫（5）、软体动物（15）、水生昆虫（55）、对虾（3）、螃蟹（2）、有鳍鱼（ 68), 两栖动物 (11)、爬行动物 (33)、鸟类 (234) 和哺乳动物 (24)，此外还有蜜蜂的湖沼化学及其保护威胁和建议的策略。湿地支持 18 种全球受威胁的脊椎动物物种。湿地中出现的 11 种鸟类（Aythya baeri、A. nyroca、Leptoptilos dubius、L. javanicus、Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus、Gyps bengalensis、G. tenuirostris、Haliaeetus leucogaster、Pelecanus philippensis、Sarcogyps calvus、Threskiornis melanocephalus）已被列入 IUCN濒危物种红色名录。湿地报告的有鳍鱼类从 1999 年的 67 种减少到 2016 年至 2018 年的 64 种，这是一个令人担忧的问题。根据湖沼化学的现有资料，湿地水域一直保持在有利于鱼类生产的水质范围内。