An inverse algorithm is developed to estimate the transient convective coefficient distribution of a pulsating bubbly jet impinging on a cylindrical thermal mass. Cooling of the thermal mass is simulated by solving the two-dimensional transient heat equation in a cylindrical coordinate system using the finite difference method. The sum of squared differences between calculated and measured temperature data is the objective functional. As this is a nonlinear IHCP, the adjoint method is employed to derive the gradient components of the objective function, needed for the implementation of CGM. The procedure is carried out for six gas Reynolds numbers changing continuously through ten seconds of the jet impingement. The inverse scheme is validated using noiseless temperature data. The accuracy and convergence rate of the algorithm is then assessed by simulating the cooling process of thermal mass with four different materials. Moreover, the effects of sensors’ location, as well as initial guess on the estimation, are evaluated. Time-varying heat transfer coefficients are then estimated in the presence of Gaussian noise, having four standard deviations. Results demonstrate that, despite the estimation is affected by the noise level, the adjoint method is most efficient and rapidly convergent for the thermal mass with moderate thermal conductivity having a noisy temperature field of $\sigma$ $<$1 ${}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$.

开发了一种逆算法来估计冲击圆柱形热质量的脉动气泡射流的瞬态对流系数分布。通过使用有限差分法求解圆柱坐标系中的二维瞬态热方程来模拟热质量的冷却。计算的和测量的温度数据之间的平方差之和是目标泛函。由于这是一个非线性 IHCP，因此采用伴随方法来导出目标函数的梯度分量，这是实现 CGM 所需的。该程序是针对六个气体雷诺数在射流冲击十秒内连续变化的情况下执行的。使用无噪声温度数据验证逆方案。然后通过模拟四种不同材料的热质量冷却过程来评估算法的准确性和收敛速度。此外，还评估了传感器位置以及初始猜测对估计的影响。然后在存在高斯噪声的情况下估计时变传热系数，具有四个标准偏差。结果表明，尽管估计受到噪声水平的影响，但伴随方法对于具有中等热导率且噪声温度场为 然后在存在高斯噪声的情况下估计时变传热系数，具有四个标准偏差。结果表明，尽管估计受到噪声水平的影响，但伴随方法对于具有中等热导率且噪声温度场为 然后在存在高斯噪声的情况下估计时变传热系数，具有四个标准偏差。结果表明，尽管估计受到噪声水平的影响，但伴随方法对于具有中等热导率且噪声温度场为 $\sigma$ $<$1${}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$.