This paper presents a comprehensive review and synthesis of studies that forecast economic impacts of ocean acidification. The changes in seawater chemistry resulting from increased carbon dioxide emissions, known as ocean acidification, will have detrimental impacts to marine ecosystem services. Those services include wild capture fisheries, aquaculture, recreation, shoreline protection, and others. The current literature valuing expected impacts to those services is rather thin and tends to focus on mollusk harvesting and aquaculture. Despite the paucity of studies, we divide all relevant estimates into five additively separable economic sectors to provide an aggregate estimate of economic damage from ocean acidification at the end of this century. We perform nonparametric bootstrap simulations to characterize the distribution of estimates within each sector and the aggregation across sectors. We also perform meta-regressions to explore whether estimates provided by these studies are generally consistent with expectations based on ocean chemistry and economic theory.

中文翻译：

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海洋酸化的经济影响：荟萃分析

本文对预测海洋酸化的经济影响的研究进行了全面回顾和综合。由于二氧化碳排放量增加（称为海洋酸化）而导致的海水化学变化将对海洋生态系统服务产生不利影响。这些服务包括野生捕捞渔业、水产养殖、娱乐、海岸线保护等。目前评估对这些服务的预期影响的文献相当少，往往侧重于软体动物捕捞和水产养殖。尽管研究很少，但我们将所有相关估计分为五个可加法分离的经济部门，以提供本世纪末海洋酸化造成的经济损失的总体估计。我们执行非参数引导模拟来描述每个部门内估计的分布以及跨部门的聚合。我们还进行元回归，以探索这些研究提供的估计是否与基于海洋化学和经济理论的预期大体一致。