Background: Smoking tobacco is the most preventable cause of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer disease in Germany. The more and the longer you smoke, the higher your risk of GI cancer. About 28% of 18–64 year-old Germans are current smokers; in addition, 11% of the population is regularly exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke. Summary: Tobacco use is causally associated with esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, biliary, hepatocellular, colorectal, and anal cancers. Combining smoking with alcohol use, excess body weight, diabetes, or chronic infections synergistically enhances GI cancer risk. Smoking cessation effectively reduces tobacco-associated GI cancer risk. Key Messages: Smokers should be encouraged to stop smoking tobacco and join programs of risk-adaptive cancer screening.
Visc Med

中文翻译：

---

吸烟和胃肠癌风险

背景：吸烟是德国胃肠道 (GI) 癌症最可预防的原因。吸烟越多、时间越长，患胃肠道癌的风险就越高。大约 28% 的 18-64 岁德国人目前吸烟；此外，11% 的人口经常接触二手烟草烟雾。摘要：烟草使用与食道癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、胆道癌、肝细胞癌、结直肠癌和肛门癌之间存在因果关系。吸烟与饮酒、超重、糖尿病或慢性感染相结合会协同增加胃肠道癌症的风险。戒烟可有效降低与烟草相关的胃肠道癌症风险。关键信息：应鼓励吸烟者戒烟并加入适应风险的癌症筛查计划。
维斯克医学