Gene regulation arises out of dynamic competition between nucleosomes, transcription factors, and other chromatin proteins for the opportunity to bind genomic DNA. The timescales of nucleosome assembly and binding of factors to DNA determine the outcomes of this competition at any given locus. Here, we review how these properties of chromatin proteins and the interplay between the dynamics of different factors are critical for gene regulation. We discuss how molecular structures of large chromatin-associated complexes, kinetic measurements, and high resolution mapping of protein–DNA complexes in vivo set the boundary conditions for chromatin dynamics, leading to models of how the steady state behaviors of regulatory elements arise.

中文翻译：

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通过核小体动力学管理稳态染色质景观

基因调控源于核小体、转录因子和其他染色质蛋白之间为了结合基因组 DNA 的机会而进行的动态竞争。核小体组装和因子与 DNA 结合的时间尺度决定了任何给定基因座的竞争结果。在这里，我们回顾了染色质蛋白的这些特性以及不同因素动态之间的相互作用如何对基因调控至关重要。我们讨论了大型染色质相关复合物的分子结构、动力学测量和体内蛋白质-DNA复合物的高分辨率图谱如何设定染色质动力学的边界条件，从而形成调节元件的稳态行为如何产生的模型。