DNA replication in eukaryotic cells initiates from large numbers of sites called replication origins. Initiation of replication from these origins must be tightly controlled to ensure the entire genome is precisely duplicated in each cell cycle. This is accomplished through the regulation of the first two steps in replication: loading and activation of the replicative DNA helicase. Here we describe what is known about the mechanism and regulation of these two reactions from a genetic, biochemical, and structural perspective, focusing on recent progress using proteins from budding yeast.

中文翻译：

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真核生物 DNA 复制的起始

真核细胞中的 DNA 复制从大量称为复制起点的位点开始。必须严格控制从这些起点开始的复制，以确保整个基因组在每个细胞周期中精确复制。这是通过调节复制的前两个步骤来实现的：复制 DNA 解旋酶的加载和激活。在这里，我们从遗传、生化和结构的角度描述了这两种反应的机制和调控，重点关注利用芽殖酵母蛋白质的最新进展。