Intramammary (IM) antimicrobial sales data are currently the only feasible means to gain broad insights into on-farm usage of antimicrobials (AMs) relevant to mastitis control within the Irish dairy industry. The aim of this study was to update earlier work describing sales data of intramammary antimicrobial usage in the Irish dairy industry in 2020. Previously reported data from 2013 to 2019 is included for reference and 2020 sales data is reported using similar methodology to previously published work in this area. Data on IM AMs sold in Ireland during 2013-2020 were obtained from two sources, believed to represent 99% of all sales of IM AMs in Ireland, and analyses were undertaken to evaluate patterns in IM AM sales. We report an increase in overall sales of both lactating cow (LC) and dry cow (DC) IM AMs. We observed a large increase in the use of DC IM AMs, from 0.95 to 1.13 defined course dose (DCDvet) per cow per year in 2019 and 2020 respectively, as well as evidence of ongoing usage of highest priority critically important AMs, as defined by the World Health Organization. There was also a slight increase in LC use of IM AMs, from 0.43 to 0.44 defined course dose (DCDvet) per cow per year. We believe that our results provide an accurate reflection of IM sales in Ireland in 2020. In common with any study of this type, caution is needed when interpreting national IM AM sales data, noting the potential discrepancies between AM sales and on-farm usage. Nonetheless, the sales pattern described here, most importantly the increased use of DC products and ongoing and increasing use of HP CIA products in both DC and LC therapy raise significant concerns for the Irish dairy industry. This study provides an evidence base to inform current policy discussions, particularly in the context of the new Veterinary Medicines Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2019/6), which comes into force on 28 January 2022.

中文翻译：

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爱尔兰的乳房内抗菌药物销售：2020 年描述性更新

乳房内 (IM) 抗菌药物销售数据是目前唯一可行的方法，可以广泛了解爱尔兰乳制品行业与乳腺炎控制相关的抗菌药物 (AM) 的农场使用情况。本研究的目的是更新描述 2020 年爱尔兰乳制品行业乳房内抗菌药物使用销售数据的早期工作。之前报告的 2013 年至 2019 年的数据被包括在内以供参考，2020 年的销售数据使用与之前发表的工作类似的方法报告这片区域。2013-2020 年在爱尔兰销售的 IM AM 的数据来自两个来源，据信占爱尔兰所有 IM AM 销售额的 99%，并进行了分析以评估 IM AM 销售模式。我们报告泌乳奶牛 (LC) 和干奶牛 (DC) IM AM 的整体销售额均有所增长。我们观察到 DC IM AM 的使用大幅增加，分别在 2019 年和 2020 年从每头奶牛每年的 0.95 到 1.13 定义课程剂量 (DCDvet)，以及持续使用最高优先级至关重要的 AM 的证据，如定义世界卫生组织。IM AM 的 LC 使用量也略有增加，从每头奶牛每年的 0.43 到 0.44 定义疗程剂量 (DCDvet)。我们相信，我们的结果准确反映了 2020 年爱尔兰的 IM 销售情况。与任何此类研究一样，在解释国家 IM AM 销售数据时需要谨慎，注意 AM 销售和农场使用之间的潜在差异。尽管如此，这里描述的销售模式，最重要的是，DC 产品的使用增加以及 HP CIA 产品在 DC 和 LC 治疗中的持续和增加使用引起了爱尔兰乳制品行业的重大关注。本研究为当前的政策讨论提供了证据基础，特别是在新的兽药法规（法规 (EU) 2019/6）的背景下，该法规于 2022 年 1 月 28 日生效。