In this study, rheological properties of the Wood Cellulose NanoFibers (WCNF), Bacterial Cellulose NanoFibers (BCNF), and Chitin NanoFibers (ChNF) as well as physical properties of films prepared from each nano-hydrogel were investigated. Each nano-hydrogel was prepared in 2 concentrations of 0.5 and 1 wt% for rheological study. Rheological properties were measured using a rotational rheometer. The flow behaviour data were fitted with rheological models. Apparent viscosity was higher in higher concentrations of nano-hydrogels. Herschel-Bulkley model was the best model for flow behaviour data fitting. BCNF nano-hydrogels had the highest hysteresis loop while WCNF nano-hydrogels had the best structure recovery and lowest hysteresis loop. At LVE (Linear Viscoelastic Region), G' (storage modulus) and G″ (loss modulus) had a constant value, but as strain increased their values decreased. Storage modulus was found to be greater than loss modulus in all samples during frequency sweep test. BCNF nano-hydrogel showed the lowest frequency dependency. Chitin nanofilms had the highest elongation and stress value.

中文翻译：

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木材/细菌纤维素和甲壳素纳米水凝胶的流变特性随浓度及其纳米薄膜特性的变化。

在这项研究中，研究了木质纤维素纳米纤维 (WCNF)、细菌纤维素纳米纤维 (BCNF) 和几丁质纳米纤维 (ChNF) 的流变特性以及由每种纳米水凝胶制备的薄膜的物理特性。每种纳米水凝胶以 0.5 和 1 wt% 的 2 种浓度制备，用于流变学研究。使用旋转流变仪测量流变特性。流动行为数据符合流变模型。在较高浓度的纳米水凝胶中表观粘度较高。Herschel-Bulkley 模型是流动行为数据拟合的最佳模型。BCNF纳米水凝胶具有最高的磁滞回线，而WCNF纳米水凝胶具有最好的结构恢复和最低的磁滞回线。在 LVE（线性粘弹性区域），G'（储能模量）和 G”（损耗模量）具有恒定值，但随着应变的增加，它们的值下降。在频率扫描测试期间，发现所有样品的储能模量均大于损耗模量。BCNF 纳米水凝胶表现出最低的频率依赖性。几丁质纳米膜具有最高的伸长率和应力值。