SUMMARY

This paper will examine the process of urban transformation from convict to free settlement, through an analysis of the early convict landscape at Parramatta (1789–1841), the second British settlement in New South Wales. We draw together archaeological and historical sources to consider the patterns of change which occurred both at individual ‘convict hut’ sites, as well as within the broader landscape. This paper examines the ways in which landscape, architecture and space were used initially to create and support a society based upon unfree labour, and how the process of emancipation, where convicts transitioned into free settlers, found a material expression at Parramatta.

概括

本文将通过分析新南威尔士州的第二个英国定居点 Parramatta（1789-1841 年）的早期罪犯景观，研究从罪犯到自由定居点的城市转型过程。我们将考古和历史资料汇集在一起​​，以考虑发生在单个“囚犯小屋”遗址以及更广泛景观中的变化模式。本文探讨了景观、建筑和空间最初被用于创建和支持基于不自由劳动的社会的方式，以及囚犯转变为自由定居者的解放过程如何在 Parramatta 找到物质表达。