Abstract. Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) can lead to sensory deficits and compromise functionality. However, most studies have been focused on motor stimulation in stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Sensory stimulation in stroke and mild/moderate TBI has received reduced interest. The main objective of this review is to know the methodological characteristics and effects of sensory programs in ABI. Studies with the purpose of testing the efficacy of those programs were identified through a literature search, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the Cochrane Collaboration Guidelines. Twenty-three studies were included in this review. The results show that in most studies sensory stimulation started within 12 months after injury and there is no consensus regarding frequency, duration and number of sessions, duration of intervention, and instruments used to assess outcomes. Most programs involved unisensory stimulation, and vision was the predominant target. The most used methods were compensation and somatosensory discrimination training. Most studies used a pre- and post-intervention assessment, with few studies comprising follow-up assessment. Regarding the studies revised, the interventions with positive outcomes in ABI are: compensation, cognitive training, vestibular intervention, somatosensory discrimination training, proprioceptive stimulation with muscle vibration, and sustained attention training with olfactory stimulation. Available findings suggest that sensory stimulation has positive results with immediate and long-term improvements in sensory functioning. This review provides useful information to improve rehabilitation and to design future investigation.

中文翻译：

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获得性脑损伤康复中感觉刺激计划的系统评价

摘要。获得性脑损伤 (ABI) 可导致感觉障碍和功能受损。然而，大多数研究都集中在中风和创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 中的运动刺激。对中风和轻度/中度 TBI 的感觉刺激已经减少了兴趣。本综述的主要目的是了解 ABI 中感官程序的方法学特征和效果。按照系统评价和元分析的首选报告项目 (PRISMA) 和 Cochrane 协作指南，通过文献检索确定了旨在测试这些计划的有效性的研究。本综述纳入了 23 项研究。结果表明，在大多数研究中，感觉刺激在受伤后 12 个月内开始，并且对于频率没有达成共识，疗程的持续时间和次数、干预的持续时间以及用于评估结果的工具。大多数项目都涉及非感官刺激，视觉是主要目标。最常用的方法是补偿和体感辨别训练。大多数研究使用干预前和干预后评估，很少有研究包括后续评估。关于修订的研究，对 ABI 产生积极结果的干预措施是：补偿、认知训练、前庭干预、体感辨别训练、肌肉振动的本体感受刺激和嗅觉刺激的持续注意力训练。现有研究结果表明，感觉刺激具有积极的效果，可以立即和长期改善感觉功能。