Mexico underwent several economic transformations between the 1950s and the early 21st century, most notably its integration to the world economy as of the 1980s. Sociological perspectives on global economic integration, development, and inequality, have contrasting predictions for the effect of these transformations on labor cohort occupational status. Perspectives that anticipate integration to spawn economic dynamism, predict improved occupational status over cohorts, but the international division of labor (IDL) perspective predicts worsening occupational status attainment. The institutionalist perspective does not have clear-cut predictions. Drawing on three surveys on Mexican social mobility (2006 and 2011, 2016), I examine labor cohort differences in occupational status to evaluate whether historical timing of entry into the workforce shapes occupational achievement dynamics throughout Mexico’s industrialization. I find significant direct effects of labor cohort membership on occupational status net of education and of parental occupational status. Specifically, entering the workforce at the height of Mexico’s industrialization, between the 1950s and early 1970s, led to higher status than entering during the transition to and subsequent institutionalization of neoliberal policy. The findings are most consistent with perspectives in sociology that emphasize the centrality for stratification of the international division of labor, but provide partial support for institutionalist perspectives.

中文翻译：

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一条缓慢的下行之路：墨西哥发展中的职业地位获得

墨西哥在 1950 年代和 21 世纪初经历了几次经济转型，最引人注目的是它在 1980 年代融入世界经济。关于全球经济一体化、发展和不平等的社会学观点对这些转变对劳动力群体职业地位的影响有不同的预测。预计整合会产生经济活力的观点预测职业地位会比同龄人提高，但国际分工 (IDL) 观点预测职业地位会恶化。制度主义的观点没有明确的预测。根据关于墨西哥社会流动性的三项调查（2006 年和 2011 年、2016 年），我研究了职业地位的劳动力群体差异，以评估进入劳动力市场的历史时间是否会影响整个墨西哥工业化的职业成就动态。我发现劳动力群体成员对教育和父母职业地位净职业地位的显着直接影响。具体而言，在 1950 年代至 1970 年代初期墨西哥工业化高峰期进入劳动力市场，其地位高于在新自由主义政策过渡和随后的制度化期间进入劳动力市场。这些发现与社会学中强调国际分工分层的中心地位的观点最为一致，但为制度主义观点提供了部分支持。