Participation in sport can paradoxically be a source of psychological needs satisfaction and psychological needs frustration. Self-determination theory was applied to explain temporal relationships of athletes’ psychological needs satisfactions and psychological needs frustrations with burnout through a two-wave longitudinal study. Participants included 184 athletes (M_age = 24.04 years, SD = 5.56, 67.9% male) representing a range of competitive levels. A latent difference score model specifying longitudinal relationships between burnout and needs satisfactions and needs frustrations was tested. Significant within-variable changes were observed for all needs-satisfaction and needs-frustration variables. Longitudinal associations were found in Models 3 (autonomy frustration) and 6 (relatedness satisfaction). Higher burnout at baseline predicted an increase in autonomy frustration (β = 0.13, p < .05), whereas higher relatedness satisfaction at baseline reduced burnout levels later in the season (β = −0.22, p < .001). To conclude, continuous tracking of athlete burnout levels and fostering of needs-supportive climates that minimize autonomy-controlling behaviors are recommended for the burnout prevention in athletes.

自相矛盾的是，参与体育运动可能会成为心理需求满足和心理需求受挫的来源。应用自我决定理论通过两波纵向研究来解释运动员心理需求满足和心理需求受挫与倦怠的时间关系。参与者包括 184 名运动员（M_年龄 = 24.04 岁，SD = 5.56, 67.9% 男性）代表一系列竞争水平。测试了一个潜在差异评分模型，该模型指定了倦怠与需求满足和需求挫折之间的纵向关系。观察到所有需求满意度和需求挫折变量的显着变量内变化。在模型 3（自主挫败感）和模型 6（相关性满意度）中发现了纵向关联。基线时较高的倦怠预示着自主挫败感的增加（β = 0.13，p  < .05），而基线时较高的相关性满意度会降低赛季后期的倦怠水平（β = -0.22，p < .001)。总而言之，建议持续跟踪运动员的倦怠水平并培养需求支持的氛围，以最大限度地减少自主控制行为，以预防运动员的倦怠。