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The View from Jaketown: Considering Variation in the Poverty Point Culture of the Lower Mississippi Valley
American Antiquity ( IF 3.129 ) Pub Date : 2022-05-12 , DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2022.32
Grace M. V. Ward 1 , Seth B. Grooms 2 , Andrew G. Schroll 3 , Tristram R. Kidder 2
Affiliation  

Recent research at Jaketown, a Late Archaic earthwork site in the Lower Mississippi Valley, suggests that the culture-historical framework used to interpret Jaketown and contemporary sites in the region obscures differences in practices across sites. As an alternative, we propose a framework focused on variation in material culture, architecture, and foodways between Jaketown and Poverty Point, the regional type site. Our analysis indicates that people used Poverty Point Objects and imported lithics at Jaketown by 4525–4100 cal BP—earlier than elsewhere in the region. By 3450–3350 cal BP, people intensively occupied Jaketown, harvesting a consistent suite of wild plants. Between 3445 and 3270 cal BP, prior to the apex of earthwork construction at Poverty Point, the community at Jaketown built at least two earthworks and multiple post structures before catastrophic flooding sometime after 3300 cal BP buried the Late Archaic landscape under alluvium. These new data lead us to conclude that the archaeological record of the Late Archaic Lower Mississippi Valley does not reflect a uniform regional culture. Rather, relationships between Jaketown and Poverty Point indicate a multipolar history in which communities selectively participated in larger social phenomena—such as exchange networks and architectural traditions—while maintaining diverse, localized practices.



中文翻译:

杰克敦的观点:考虑下密西西比河谷贫困点文化的变化

最近在密西西比河谷下游的一个晚期古代土方遗址 Jaketown 的研究表明,用于解释 Jaketown 和该地区当代遗址的文化历史框架掩盖了不同地点的实践差异。作为替代方案,我们提出了一个框架,专注于 Jaketown 和 Poverty Point 之间的物质文化、建筑和饮食方式的变化,这是一个区域类型的站点。我们的分析表明,在 4525–4100 cal BP 之前,人们在 Jaketown 使用 Poverty Point Objects 和进口石块——比该地区其他地方更早。到 3450-3350 cal BP,人们集中占领了杰克敦,收获了一系列一致的野生植物。在 3445 至 3270 cal BP 之间,在 Poverty Point 的土方施工顶点之前,Jaketown 的社区在 3300 cal BP 将晚期古代景观掩埋在冲积层下之后的某个时间,在灾难性洪水之前建造了至少两个土方工程和多个柱状结构。这些新数据使我们得出结论,晚古代密西西比河谷下游的考古记录并未反映统一的区域文化。相反,Jaketown 和 Poverty Point 之间的关系表明了一个多极的历史,在这个历史中,社区有选择地参与更大的社会现象——例如交流网络和建筑传统——同时保持多样化的本地化实践。这些新数据使我们得出结论,晚古代密西西比河谷下游的考古记录并未反映统一的区域文化。相反,Jaketown 和 Poverty Point 之间的关系表明了一个多极的历史,在这个历史中,社区有选择地参与更大的社会现象——例如交流网络和建筑传统——同时保持多样化的本地化实践。这些新数据使我们得出结论,晚古代密西西比河谷下游的考古记录并未反映统一的区域文化。相反,Jaketown 和 Poverty Point 之间的关系表明了一个多极的历史,在这个历史中,社区有选择地参与更大的社会现象——例如交流网络和建筑传统——同时保持多样化的本地化实践。

更新日期:2022-05-12
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