Abstract In recent years, electromagnetic characteristics of metamaterials has aroused great interest because of innovative fundamental understanding as well as promising potential applications in optics, semiconductors, imaging, and sensing. We survey the state-of-the-art of spatially reconfigurable metamaterials in which electromagnetic Lorentz, Coulomb, and Ampere forces, as well as optical signals and thermal stimulation can be dynamically changed their optical properties. Electro-mechanical and optical inputs change the amplitude, phase, polarization of incident electromagnetic wave, and optical response within these metamaterials, which can be driven by electric or optical signals. Based on a solid theoretical foundation, we review the most recent experimental works on reconfigurable metamaterials endowed with an active tuning characteristic. Additionally, we review the potential metamaterial applications that may inspire new research works and offer a comparison to other optoelectronic fields.

中文翻译：

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用于光电应用的可重构超材料

摘要 近年来，超材料的电磁特性因其创新的基础认识以及在光学、半导体、成像和传感等领域的潜在应用而引起了人们的极大兴趣。我们调查了空间可重构超材料的最新技术，其中电磁洛伦兹、库仑和安培力以及光信号和热刺激可以动态改变它们的光学特性。机电和光输入改变了这些超材料内的入射电磁波的幅度、相位、偏振和光响应，这些超材料可以由电或光信号驱动。基于坚实的理论基础，我们回顾了具有主动调谐特性的可重构超材料的最新实验工作。